所有权结构、环境规制与中国发电行业的效率——基于2003—2009年30个省级面板数据的分析  

Ownership Structure,Environment Regulation and Efficiency of Chinese Power Generation Industry——Stochastic Frontier Production Function Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data During 2003—2009

作　　者：张各兴[1,2] 夏大慰[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学管理学院,上海200433 [2]上海国家会计学院,上海201702

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2011年第6期130-140,共11页China Industrial Economics

摘　　要：本文利用随机前沿生产函数对我国2003—2009年30个省市区的面板数据进行分析,估计了我国发电行业的技术效率,并对所有权结构、环境规制等因素对发电行业效率的影响进行了实证检验。本文的主要发现和结论是:①我国发电行业总体的技术效率水平较低,技术效率的变动趋势随时间变化呈开口向下的抛物线形态;②所有权结构对于发电行业技术效率存在显著影响;环境规制与发电行业技术效率呈现"U型"关系;企业规模与生产无效率呈现开口向下的抛物线关系;电价、煤炭价格与发电行业效率分别呈现正向和负向关系,与已有研究结论不同的是,本文发现这一关系并不显著;短期内标准煤耗的降低尽管减少了燃料投入,但却需要更多资本投入,从而形成了对发电行业效率的负向影响;设备利用率的提高对于发电行业效率具有显著的正向影响。本文还根据以上结论,对于提升我国发电行业的效率水平提出了相应的政策建议。Based on stochastic frontier production function, the paper analyses the panel data of 30 provinces from 2003--2009 and measures the technical efficiency scores of Chinese power generation industry. The major findings include： （1）The average technical efficiency score of power generation is very low, and with the time passing,the curve of technical efficiency changing trend is featured by down-looking parabola. （2）Ownership structure has a significant influence on technical efficiency of power generation industry; the relationship of environment regulation and technical efficiency presents a U-shape curve; the relationship of size and inefficiency also featured by down-looking parabola; electricity and coal price has positive and negative correlation with technical efficiency respectively, but both are not significant; standard coal consumption has a negative influence on technical efficiency in the short run due to the more capital input instead of less fuel input; capacity utilization rate has significant influence on technical efficiency. At the end, some policy implications are proposed to enhance the technical efficiency score of Chinese power generation industry.

关 键 词：所有权结构 环境规制 发电行业 效率 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济]