医院感染现患率调查分析与对策  

Prevalence rate of nosocomial infection and countermeasures

作　　者：王建芳[1] 崔颖[1] 黄京华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学东方医院感染管理办公室,北京100078

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第12期2446-2448,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解住院患者医院感染的基本情况及抗菌药物的使用情况,并以此为依据,进一步制定切实可行的医院感染控制措施,提高医院感染管理水平。方法采用病历调查与床旁调查相结合的方法,填写现患率个案调查表,然后进行资料汇总及整理分析。结果医院感染现患率为3.90%,感染部位以下呼吸道和泌尿道为主,分别占50.00%和30.00%,当日抗菌药物使用率为36.58%,以一联用药和二联用药为主,分别占56.56%、38.93%;治疗性使用抗菌药物病原学送检率为46.08%,医院感染病例病原学送检率为61.54%;手术患者术前应用抗菌药物者占60.34%。结论强化医院感染管理办公室职能,提高医务人员感染控制意识,合理使用抗菌药物,可以有效控制医院感染的发生。OBJECTIVE To understand the patient＇s basic situation of nosocomial infection and antibiotic use,and as a basis to further develop practical measures for hospital infection control,improve the management concerning nosocomial infection.METHODS By the method of medical records survey combined with the bedside survey,in the case investigation form of prevalence was filled and the data were aggregated and analyzed.RESULTS The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 3.90%,mainly to lower respiratory tract infections and urinary tract infections,accounted for 50.00% and 30.00%,antibacterial drug usage the rate was 36.58%,among which ratio of the monotherapy was 56.56% and the ratio of the double therapy was 38.93 %;antibiotic treatment of bacterial culture detection rate was 46.08%,the bacterial culture detection rate in nosocomial infection was 61.54%;antimicrobial usage of surgery preoperative accounted for 60.34%.CONCLUSION It can effectively control the occurrence of hospital infection by the ways of strengthening the functions of hospital infection control office,improving the awareness of medical staff on infection control and rational using of antibiotics.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 调查 对策 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]