不同菌种和抗菌成分对生物发酵床养猪效果的影响  

Effect of Different Strains and Antibacterial Agents on Pig Raisingby Biological Fermentation Bed

作　　者：程蕾 刘晓华 王肆玖 凌明湖 王定发 

机构地区：[1]武汉市农科院畜牧兽医科学研究所,湖北武汉430065

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期226-229,211,共4页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：武汉市科技攻关项目(200820212030)

摘　　要：选取杜长大三元杂交猪120头,随机分成5组(A,B,C,D,E),仔猪阶段每组24头,育肥猪阶段试验头数减半。A、B和C 3组分别采用日本、武汉以及山东某公司的发酵菌剂,同时每组饲料中加入各公司配套的0.15g/100g的微生态制剂;D组和E组与C组使用的发酵菌剂相同,但D组加入配套的0.2g/100g的抗菌肽,E组仔猪期饲料中添加某外资公司生产的浓缩料(预混料)的药物成分抗生素,育肥期不添加任何抗生素,研究了不同菌种和抗菌成分对猪生长性能差异及对氮磷利用的影响。结果表明:A、B和C 3组中,B组猪只仔猪期日增重最高(578g),育肥期日增重(698g)比A组(705g)略低;B组料重比在仔猪期和肥育期均最低,分别为2.11和2.81。仔猪期A组对氮磷的利用效率最高,垫料中氮磷的含量分别为0.54g/100g和0.12g/100g;而育肥期B组对氮磷的利用效率最高。C、D和E 3组相比,E组的仔猪期日增重(573g)最高,料重比(2.02)最低,但垫料中氮磷的含量最高,分别为1.83g/100g和1.15g/100g;育肥期,C组猪只日增重和饲料转化效率均最优,分别为670g和2.84,但在氮和磷的利用方面与D组各具优势。因此,引进发酵床养猪技术不一定要依赖引进菌种,各地可以因地制宜开发适合当地的菌种。在仔猪期饲料中配套使用抗生素对生产性能无负面影响,但不利于饲料中营养物质的利用;育肥期配套使用微生态制剂或抗菌肽可以促进提高猪的生长性能和对氮磷的利用。In order to study the effect of different strains or antibacterial agents on pigs by fermentation bed,120 piglets of Duroc(Landrace,Large Yorkshire) three-way cross combination were randomly divided into five groups(A,B,C,D,E);half of the pigs in each group were used for further experiment during the fattening period.Strains/productions that contain 0.15g/100g microecological feed additives from three different companies were used in group A,B,and C respectively;Strains in group D and E were the same as that in group C,but 0.2g/100g antibacterial peptide and antibiotics from medicine component of premix were added into the feed of group D and E respectively;no antibiotics was used in group E during the fattening period.The results showed that weaning piglets in group B had the highest average daily gain(ADG)(578g) in comparison with that in group A and C,but the ADG in group B(698g) was a little bit lower than those in group A(705g) during the fattening period;feed/gain(F/G)in group B were the lowest for both periods(2.81 and 2.11 respectively).During the growing period,the litter of group A contented the lowest nitrogen and phosphorus(respectively 0.54g/100g and 0.12g/100g),which indicates the highest utilization efficiency of N and P;however,the utilization efficiency of N and P was higher in group B during fattening period.Compared with group C and D,piglets in group E had the highest ADG(573g) and the lowest F/G(2.02) during the growing period but had the highest nitrogen and phosphorus in litter(1.83g/100g and 1.15g/100g respectively).Data of group C showed the highest ADG(670g) and the best F/G(2.84) during the fattening period;the utilization efficiency of P in group C was better than that in group D but the utilization efficiency of N was worse.It indicated that different strains had different effects on pig raising by fermentation bed;usage of antibiotics had no negative effect on pig productivity but was not good for nutrition utilization of feed.Additionally,microecological feed additives and antibacte

关 键 词：生物发酵床 菌种 抗菌成分 生产性能 垫料 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]