尺度的人文地理内涵与尺度政治——基于1980年代以来英语圈人文地理学的尺度研究  

CONCEPT OF SCALE IN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY AND POLITICS OF SCALE——Based on Anglophone Human Geography Since 1980s

作　　者：刘云刚[1] 王丰龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510275

出　　处：《人文地理》2011年第3期1-6,共6页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701041);留学回国人员科研启动基金(2008);广东省哲学社会科学十一五规划项目(2009)

摘　　要：本文在系统梳理1980年代以来英语圈地理学中的尺度概念演化的基础上,详细剖析了尺度的人文地理学内涵及尺度政治的概念框架和研究方法。地理学的尺度可分为现实尺度、分析尺度和实践尺度三个层面,其中尺度政治是尺度实践论的集中体现。本文基于西方已有研究成果详细剖析了尺度政治的三种形式,即对移动性工具的利用、对表达手段的利用,以及对管治手段的利用等,并结合相关研究案例总结和尺度政治的一般模式。最后,本文还从区域开发管制、社会冲突治理等问题角度出发,对中国尺度政治研究的未来进行了展望。On the basis of a systematic review of conceptual changes of scale in human geography in English sphere since 1980s,this paper scrutinizes the connotations of scale in human geography and summarizes the conceptual framework and approaches of politics of scale.The authors argue that scale connotes real,analytic and practical meanings in geography,the practical meaning of scale mainly acts as politics of scale.The real scale mainly means the ontological implications of scalar geographical phenomenon or processes;the analytic meanings of scale refers to the epistemological structure of scale,which can be subdivided into realistic,hierarchical and constructivism understandings,stemming from the differences when understanding and generalizing the real world;the practical application of scale,with its essence of politics of scale,is one of the most fruitful and interesting subjects in current debates in Anglophone human geography.It is argued that,scale is not only an analytical framework,but also an construct of power and social actions,it can be also manipulated to change existing power geometry as a tool to gain more power.This paper generalizes three forms of scalar politics from current western researches as the utilization of mobile vehicles,scaled representation and governance.A general model is given summarized from relevant cases,which includes 3 actors with unequal power,the weak actor mainly uses politics of scale through direct fight by improving its mobility or making alliance with its fellows,or through indirect mobilization by networks or scaled representation.Finally,this paper gives an outlook of researches on scalar politics in China in the future mainly from the governance of regional development and management of social conflicts,some issues are briefly discussed and some typical empirical cases are given as examples of future study.

关 键 词：尺度 地理尺度 分析尺度 尺度政治 尺度转换 

分 类 号：K901.4[历史地理—人文地理学]