城市化对济南市汛期降雨特征的影响  

Impact of urbanization on features of rainfall during flood period in Jinan City

作　　者：黄国如[1] 何泓杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学土木与交通学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2011年第3期7-12,共6页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(200801033)

摘　　要：在介绍济南市城市化发展水平及暴雨特性的基础上,选用济南市黄台桥、燕子山、东红庙、吴家铺和刘家庄雨量站1977-2007年汛期降雨资料,通过趋势线、距平统计、双累积曲线等方法,对济南市区汛期降雨量进行了统计分析,并对济南市城区、郊区的降雨时空特征进行对比研究。研究结果表明,城区多年汛期降雨量表现出较强的波动性,但整体上升趋势较为明显,尤其是改革开放早期的降雨量增长较为迅速。城市化对济南城区产生了较为明显的雨岛效应,城区比郊区降雨量增加约10%。城市化对降雨的频次以及雨型均造成了较大的影响,增加了各种降雨强度等级的降雨机率,城区比郊区的降雨机率增加10%以上,特别是暴雨以上的降雨场次增加了22%。Long-term precipitation series covering 1977 - 2007 at the Huangtaiqiao, Yanzishan, Donghongmiao, Wujiapu and Liujiazhuang stations in Jinan City were systematically analyzed with aim to demonstrate impacts of urbanization on the precipitation patterns in both time and spacel, In the current analysis, linear regressive technique, anomaly departure analysis, double cumulative mass-curves were applied and comparison was performed between precipitation changes in the urban proper and suburban areas in the Jinan City. The results show that long-time rainfall changes are subject to larger increasing tendency, and it is particularly obvious in early stage of reform and open-policy. Urbanization of the Jinan City has obvious rainfall island effect, the precipitation in Jinan proper is 10% more than that in its suburb. Urbanization processes exert great impacts on the rainfall styles and also enhance the precipitation probability of rainfall storms. It is indicated that the probability of precipitation is increased about 10% and increase of more than 22% of rainstorm events is also identified.

关 键 词：城市化 降雨特征 汛期 济南市 

分 类 号：P954[天文地球—自然地理学]