沿江低洼地有机无机肥配施对早稻生长和产量的影响  

Effect of Combination of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Early Rice in the Lowland along Yangtze River

作　　者：王允青[1,2] 唐杉[1,2] 赵娜[1,2] 胡润[3] 叶北朝[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽养分循环与资源环境省级实验室,安徽合肥230031 [3]安徽省池州市贵池区农业技术推广中心,安徽池州247100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第15期8969-8971,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省重大专项(09010301021);国家公益性行业科研专项(201103005)

摘　　要：[目的]探明沿江双季稻区适宜紫云英、沼肥还田量和化肥施用量下水稻优质高产氮肥运筹技术。[方法]将不同比例的有机肥(紫云英、沼肥)与化学肥料配合施用,并设计不同的氮肥运筹方式,观测各施肥处理对早稻茎蘖动态、生育进程动态、经济性状和产量的影响。[结果]有机无机肥配施能促进早稻茎蘖生长,但与有机肥及其种类关系不大,而以氮肥运筹方式影响明显,施用紫云英后氮肥运筹方式为5∶3∶2萌蘖苗最多,氮肥后移水稻灌浆时期增长。施用紫云英或沼肥后不同氮肥运筹方式对水稻产量影响与单质化肥氮肥运筹结果一致,基、蘖、穗肥为5∶3∶2产量最高。[结论]早稻施用紫云英情况下,氮肥运筹方式宜采用基、蘖、穗肥比例为5∶3∶2的施肥方式。[Objective] The study aimed to find out and confirm the nitrogen fertilizer management technique for realizing high-quality and high-yield production of rice growing in double cropping rice area along Yangtze river,while the return-to-field amount of Chinese milk vetch and biogas manure and fertilization amount of chemical fertilizer were suitable.[Method] The organic fertilizer,including Chinese milk vetch and biogas manure,and chemical fertilizer of different proportions were fertilized in combination,different nitrogen management methods were designed and then the effects of various fertilization treatments on the stalk and tiller development,growth and development dynamics,economic characters and yield of early rice were surveyed.[Result] The combined fertilization of organic and inorganic fertilizers could promote the stalk and tiller growth of early rice,this growth was little related to organic fertilizer and its kind and the effect of nitrogen fertilizer management was obvious.After Chinese milk vetch was fertilized,sprouting seedlings were most when the nitrogen management method was 5∶ 3∶ 2 and the filling period of rice was extended when nitrogen fertilizer postpone.The effects of different nitrogen fertilizer management methods on rice yield after fertilizing Chinese milk vetch or marsh fertilizer were consistent with the results from nitrogen fertilizer management of elementary chemical fertilizer and the rice yield was highest when the proportion of base fertilizer to tillering fertilizer to earing fertilizer was 5∶ 3∶ 2.[Conclusion] While the early rice was fertilized with Chinese milk vetch,the suitable proportion of base fertilizer to tillering fertilizer to earing fertilizer was 5∶ 3∶ 2 in nitrogen fertilizer management method.

关 键 词：紫云英 沼肥 有机无机肥配施 早稻 产量 

分 类 号：S511.31[农业科学—作物学]