反应性气体观测中标准气的误差问题及建议  

THE ERRORS IN THE CLAIMED CONCENTRATIONS OF STANDARD GASES USED IN THE OBSERVATION OF REACTIVE GASES AND RECOMMENDED SOLUTIONS

作　　者：林伟立[1,2] 徐晓斌[1] 张晓春[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院大气成分观测与服务中心中国气象局大气化学重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]西藏高原大气环境科学研究所,拉萨850000 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《环境化学》2011年第6期1140-1143,共4页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2005CB422202);中国气象局业务经费共同资助

摘　　要：通过制定严格的质量保证和质量控制措施,在实验室对不同的国产标准气与同一的具有NIST标准的进口标准气进行定量比对.结果发现,国内不同厂家生产及同一厂家生产不同批次的标准气,特别是SO2和NO标准气,其出厂浓度与比对后的浓度间存在较大的偏差.在所有比对结果中,有2/3的SO2标准气样品超过±5%的相对偏差,有1/3的SO2标准气样品超过±10%的相对偏差,有近30%的NO标准气样品超过±5%的相对偏差,CO标准气的结果相对要好.因此,要保证在不同时期或不同地点观测到的数据之间具有可比性,不同标准气之间的误差必须加以考虑.鉴于国产标准气的质量现状,提出了在长期观测业务中相应的质量控制措施,以减少观测误差,促进观测数据的可比性.Under strict quality assurance and quality control measures,quantitative comparisons of a number of domestic standard gases with NIST-traceable standard gases were carried out in the laboratory.The results show a large range of deviations between the claimed concentrations of the domestic standard gases and those of the NIST-traceable standards,particularly for SO2 and NO,which were produced by different manufacturers or by the same manufacturer but in different time.In all the results,2/3 and 1/3 of SO2 standard gas samples exceeded the relative deviation of ±5% and ±10%,respectively,nearly 30% of the NO standard gas samples exceeded the relative deviation of ±5%,while CO standard gases show relatively smaller deviations.Therefore,to ensure the comparability among the observed data obtained in different times or at different locations,the errors of standard gas concentration must be addressed.In view of the present quality situation for the domestic standard gases,quality control measures are recommended to reduce the test error and promote the comparability of test data,which is crucial in the long-term operational monitoring.

关 键 词：NIST标准气 国产标准气 比对 大气本底观测 质量控制 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]