高斯-克吕格投影坐标系下POS角元素的转换方法  

Transformation of Angular Elements Obtained via a Position and Orientation System in Gauss-Kruger Projection Coordinate System

作　　者：袁修孝[1] 张雪萍[1,2] 付建红[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]国家测绘局第一航测遥感院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《测绘学报》2011年第3期338-344,共7页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40771176);国家创新研究群体科学基金(41021061)

摘　　要：我国的地形测量坐标系通常采用高斯-克吕格投影坐标系,由于地球曲率和子午线偏差的影响,POS系统提供的传感器姿态角向影像外方位角元素的转换过程中存在误差,需要引入一个额外的补偿矩阵进行修正。从分析地球曲率和子午线偏差对影像外方位角元素的影响入手,推导补偿矩阵的严密计算公式,并完善了POS角元素的转换公式。通过对带有POS数据的实际航摄影像资料处理,验证补偿矩阵的正确性和实用性。试验结果表明,高斯-克吕格投影坐标系下POS外方位角元素的转换与中央经线的选取密切相关,与坐标原点的选取无关。利用补偿矩阵转换的影像外方位角元素精度明显高于POS系统提供值的精度。Data obtained via airborne position and orientation system（POS） are in WGS-84,however,the topographic mapping coordinate systems in China are generally Gauss-Kruger projection coordinate system.Owing to the effects of earth curvature and meridian deviation,there are some errors in the process of angle transformation from roll,pitch and heading（Φ,Θ,Ψ） obtained directly by a POS to the attitude angles of images（φ,ω,κ） needed in photogrammetry.Based on the fundamental formula of earth curvature and meridian deviation effecting on angular elements,the method using a compensation matrix to correct the transformation errors is proposed in this paper.Moreover,the rigorous formula of the compensation matrix is deduced.Two sets of actual data obtained by POS AV 510 which are different in scale and terrain are selected and used to perform experiments.The empirical results indicate that the compensation matrix proposed in this paper is correct and practical.Furthermore,the transformation accuracy of exterior orientation angular elements computed based on compensation matrix is relevant to the choice of vertical axis（a projection of central meridian） of Gauss-Kruger projection coordinate system.Thus proper vertical axis should be the central meridian of projection zone of survey area.However,the transformation accuracy is irrelevant to the choice of the origin of coordinate system.It is appropriate that the origin of coordinate system locates at the center point of the survey area.Moreover,transformation accuracy of exterior orientation angular elements computed based on the compensation matrix deduced in this paper is higher than that provided by the POS.

关 键 词：POS系统 外方位元素 地球曲率 子午线偏差 补偿矩阵 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]