作物残茬覆盖农田地表土壤抗风蚀效应试验  

Testing on Anti-wind Erosion Effect of Soil for Crop Stubble Coverage Farmlands

作　　者：赵永来[1] 陈智[2] 孙悦超[1] 王荣莲 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,包头014109 [2]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古自治区水利科学研究院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2011年第6期38-42,37,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40861013)

摘　　要：采用野外移动式风蚀风洞原位测试方法,对阴山北麓农牧交错区不同作物残茬覆盖的农田土壤抗风蚀效应进行了试验研究。结果表明:农田地表的风蚀量随地表作物残茬盖度的增大而减小;在高风速下随残茬盖度的增大,其抑制风蚀效果愈加显著。农田土壤的风蚀模数随风速的增大而增加,在12～18 m/s风速时保护性耕作农田风蚀模数比传统耕作农田降低40.42%～77.42%。风蚀模数随地表空气动力学粗糙度的增大而减小。保护性耕作带宽度达到5.25 m以后,具有更加显著的抗风蚀效果。oil erosion experiment was conducted by the way of field fixed poison measurement by taking use of a movable wind erosion tunnel in order to explore anti-wind erosion effect of crop stubble coverage farmland in ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in north areas of Yinshan mountain.The results showed that soil wind erosion amount for all of the five kinds of soil surfaces decreased with the increasing of crop stubble coverage and the anti-wind erosion effect was more remarkable with the increasing of crop stubble coverage at the high speeds.The wind erosion module of farmland soil increased with the increasing of wind speed and the reducing rate of wind erosion module of conservation tillage farmland was 40.42%～77.42% with the wind speed of 12～18 m/s in comparison with conventional tillage farmland.The wind erosion module reduced with the increasing of aerodynamic roughness length.Anti-wind erosion effect of conservation tillage farmland will tend to be more significant when its effective width to resist wind erosion reaches to 5.25 m.

关 键 词：土壤风蚀 作物残茬 移动式风洞 风蚀模数 

分 类 号：S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]