北京城郊山地森林游憩机会谱构建  

Construction of Recreation Opportunity Spectrum in Suburban Mountain Region of Beijing

作　　者：肖随丽[1] 贾黎明[1] 汪平[1] 李江婧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2011年第6期746-752,共7页Progress in Geography

基　　金：北京科技计划课题(Z00060660000701);北京市教育委员会学科建设与研究生教育建设项目;产学研联合培养研究生基地项目(CXYBL2008-2010)

摘　　要：20世纪中叶,到森林中休闲游憩的人数剧增,为了保护生态环境,同时为游客提供高质量的游憩体验,美国林务局的管理者和专家发展了游憩机会谱(ROS)理念和管理框架,其主要以游憩需求为导向,依据"自然环境"、"社会环境"和"管理环境"指标对游憩区进行分类分级,编制游憩机会清单,对资源进行清查、规划和管理。本文在介绍ROS理论的基础上,结合北京市民森林游憩的需求特征和森林游憩区当前的管理体制和开发利用现状,筛选出"自然程度"、"偏远程度"、"游客密度"和"管理强度"4个评价指标,分析提出了北京山地森林游憩机会谱,将北京城郊山地森林游憩区分为城郊开发区域、城郊自然区域、乡村开发区域、乡村自然区域和半原始区域五个游憩机会等级,并结合目前的北京市游憩资源的利用和管理现状,用GIS作图直观展示了各游憩机会的分布,分析比较了各游憩机会的供需状况,为北京城郊森林游憩的规划和管理提出了合理化建议。Since the 1950s, the number of people visiting forests has been increased. The Recreation Opportuni- ty Spectrum （ROS） was developed by the managers and scientists of USDA FS to protect natural resources and provide quality recreation experiences. The fundamental premise of ROS is to satisfy different demands by pro- viding diversity of opportunities. Such opportunities are described by the setting which is composed of physical, social, and management attributes, each varying along a continuum. As a concept and a framework, it is used for resource planning and management by classifying the settings and making resource inventory. This paper intru- duced the ROS theory and constructed the ROS in the suburban mountain region of Beijing on the basis of inte- grating the forest recreation demand characteristics and the present management system and the development sta- res of Beijing. Using indicators of ＂naturalness＂, ＂access＂, ＂encounter＂ and ＂management＂, the forest recre- ation areas of Beijing are classified into five distinct settings： suburban developed, suburban natural, rural devel- oped, rural natural and semi-primitive. Considering the current uses and management of the recreation resources in Beijing, the distribution of these recreation opportunities is displayed in map by GIS. The demand and supply of recreation opportunities are compared and recommendations to help plan and manage the suburban mountain forests of Beijing are provided.

关 键 词：游憩机会谱 森林旅游 游憩承载力 旅游资源分类 北京城郊山地 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理] F326.2[经济管理—产业经济]