走进人类中心主义还是走出人类中心主义——基于对生态学马克思主义与建设性后现代主义自然观的比较分析  

Walk into Anthropocentrism or Walk out of Anthropocentrism:Compared Naturvorstellung of Ecological Marxism with Constructive Postmodernism

作　　者：何跃[1] 苗英振[1] 弓婧绚[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学贸易与行政学院,重庆400044 [2]西南大学马克思主义学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2011年第6期116-121,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：生态学马克思主义和建设性后现代主义是产生并发展于20世纪后半期的两大思想流派。在人与自然关系问题上,生态学马克思主义坚持以人为分析尺度的人类中心主义,认为自然的价值在于满足人类生存和发展的需要;建设性后现代主义批判人类中心主义,倡导人与自然的等同性,认为人与自然存在的价值在于在生态系统中所发挥的功能。二者分歧在于,走进人类中心主义与走出人类中心主义、现代主义与后现代主义、方法论的西方二元论与东方单元论。他们都仍执著于人类、自然组成的对象世界,而未意识到所有对象世界都是意识人类在特定的历史时期,如此这般显现、设定、建构、生产和创造出来的,都不可避免具有历史局限性。因而,意识人类应根据现有的实践认识水平,认真地去修正、完善已被显现、设定、建构出来的人与自然的关系,不断地去显现、设定、建构新的人与自然的关系,切不可将任何一种人与自然的关系绝对化、固定化、模式化。Ecological Marxism and Constructive Postmodernism,two schools of thought,can date bake to the latter fifty years of 20th century.Anthropocentrism is closely related to Ecological Marxism,which hold a humanism view that the value of nature depends on whether it can meet the demand of human＇s existence and development.Constructive Postmodernism critiques anthropocentrism and thinks the world as an ecosystem,and every element are equal and interconnected.Also,it was proposed that human and nature are equal too.The value of human and nature depends on their effect to the ecosystem.After these analyses,the differences between Ecological Marxism and Constructive Postmodernism are anthropocentrism or anti-anthropocentrism,modernism or post modernism,western dualism or eastern monism.Both of them are confused in objectivity world,and do not realize that objectivity world is visualized,set,constructed and created by human in the specific period,so the boundedness are inevitable.Mankind ought to correct and perfect the existing theories on relationship between man and nature,and found better theories on relationship between man and nature according to the level of practice and cognition.And human should not think any theory on relationship between man and nature in absolute,settled,and modal terms.

关 键 词：生态学马克思主义 建设性后现代主义 人类中心主义 有机整体观 自然观 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]