轴棒法C／C复合材料微观结构及性能分析  

ANALYSIS OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTY OF C/C COMPOSITES WOVEN BY AXIAL CARBON RODS

作　　者：高亚奇[1] 邓红兵[2] 邹武[1] 程文[1] 吴书锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安航天复合材料研究所,西安710025 [2]航天动力技术研究院,西安710025

出　　处：《炭素》2011年第2期3-7,共5页Carbon

基　　金：基金项目：国家973项目（2006CB600902）

摘　　要：采用轴棒法4D预制体、煤沥青为前驱体，经过常压、高压相结合的液相浸渍一炭化的致密工艺，制备出高密度轴棒法C／C复合材料。研究了轴棒法C／C复合材料的微观结构及其对轴向室温、高温（2800℃）拉伸破坏形式的影响。结果表明：轴棒法C／C复合材料轴向增强体采用炭棒，出现了一个特殊的界面，即炭棒与基体的“间隙”，主要原因是炭棒内部结合较强和纤维、基体的热膨胀系数不匹配而引起的；间隙的存在，使得轴棒法C／C复合材料的轴向室温、高温拉伸破坏形式出现较大差异，室温拉伸由于界面结合强度弱而引起的炭棒完整的拔出，未起到纤维应有的增强作用；高温拉伸却由于受热膨胀，间隙愈合，界面结合变强，试样从有效部位断裂，纤维增强作用明显提高。The high- density carbon/carbon（C/C）composite materials were prepared by 4D perform woven by axial carbon rods under the process of atmosphere and high- pressure impregnation and carbonization with coal- tar pitch as matrix precursor. The microstructure of C/C composites by axial carbon rods and its effects on room and high temperatures tensile failure were studied. The results indicate that due to use of carbon rods as reinforcement, C/C composites appear an especial interface, which may clear between carbon rods and matrix. It was mainly caused by the strong cohesion of fibres in carbon rods as well as misnonmatching of fibres and matrix＇s coefficient of thermal expansion. There is obvious difference between room and high- temperature tensile failure. Room temperature tensile failure of C/C composites exhibits that whole carbon rods are pulled out, which means that fibres do not play an effective role in reinforcement. On the contrary, the high temperature tensile failure occurs intermediately owing to the stronger interface coalescence which caused by heating. So the basic role of reinforcement function of fibers has become noticeably stronger.

关 键 词：C/C复合材料 轴棒法 微观结构 

分 类 号：TQ165[化学工程—高温制品工业]