川西平原农田啮齿动物比较种群生态学I.种群动态与繁殖(英文)  

COMPARATIVE POPULATION ECOLOGY OF RODENTS IN CROPLAND OF THE WESTERN SICHUAN PLAIN Ⅰ.POPULATION DYNAMICS AND REPRODUCTION

作　　者：杨跃敏[1] 曾宗永[1] 邓小忠 罗明澍[1] 梁俊书[1] 谢荣凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生物系,成都610064

出　　处：《兽类学报》1999年第4期267-275,共9页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：TheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationhassupportedtheprojectwith grants !3880 589and392 70 12 1

摘　　要：以 1 98 9至 1 995年在川西平原农田进行的啮齿动物标志重捕实验为基础 ,由种群密度、生物量以及出现频率的比较认为 ,大足鼠 (Rattusnitidus)为此啮齿动物群落的优势种 ,褐家鼠 (Rattusnorvegicus)与社鼠 (Rattusniviventer)为常见种 ,黄胸鼠 (Rattusflavipectus)为稀有种。通过比较4种啮齿动物的种群动态、季节指数、变异系数发现 ,优势种密度变动的季节性最强 ,数量稳定性最大 ,无明显的年间变化 ;稀有种则相反 ,在种群动态上表现出最大的随机性和变动性 ,常见种的动态特征介于优势种与稀有种之间。优势种全年均有繁殖 ,稀有种的繁殖月份集中且有效性较低 ,常见种有较大的繁殖潜力。 4种啮齿动物的种群动态及繁殖特征表明了优势种、常见种及稀有种的分化及多样性 ,以在同一生境的资源利用上达成共存。Mark-recapture experiment in the Western Sichuan Plain provided data on population density, biomass and reproduction of Rattus nitidus, Rattus norvegicus,Rattus niviventer and Rattus flavipectus. The differences in population density,biomass and frequency of appearance suggested that R. nitidus is the dominant species, R. norvegicus and R. niviventer are common species, and R. flavipectus is rare species in the rodent community. With the highest seasonality index and lowest coefficient of variation, R. nitidus shows the most significant seasonal pattern,and the lowest fluctuation in population density and biomass. In contrast,R. flavipectus,shows the highest fluctuation and no significant seasonal pattern. The dominant species can reproduce in most months, the reproduction of rare species confine in few months, common species have more reproductive potential than other species. The dynamics and reproduction of rodents in same community show some extent diversity among dominant,common and rare species, for coexistence to use the resources in same habitat.

关 键 词：比较种群生态学 农田 种群动态 啮齿动物 繁殖 

分 类 号：Q959.837[生物学—动物学]