几种盐肤木属植物的染色体观察  

THE CHROMOSOME OBSERVATION ON 4 SPECIES IN THE GENUS RHUS

作　　者：尚宗燕[1] 张继祖[1] 李汝娟[1] 刘谦虎 

机构地区：[1]西安植物园,西安710000

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》1990年第1期13-17,共5页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

摘　　要：盐肤木(Rhus)属(广义)是漆树科中最多态最大的属,全世界分布有300余种,我国有20余种。本文报道了4种盐肤木属(Rhus)植物的染色体观察结果:1.盐肤木R.chinensis 2n=30,有0-5个B染色体存在;2.青麸杨R.potaninii 2n=30,本文为首次报道;3.火矩树R.typhiflua 2n=30;4.R.verniciflua 2n=30,但其中一个栽培品种为三倍体(2n=3x=45)。盐肤木、青麸杨为我国重要的倍子树,漆树是我国特种经济林木,火矩树为速生绿化风景树种,本文为进一步发掘利用及深入研究这些植物提供了细胞学依据。B染色体在木本植物中极少出现,在盐肤木中发现B染色体,对深入研究B染色体的起源、分布等有一定的意义。同时本文为Rhus属的分类问题提供了一些细胞学信息。The chromosome numbers of 4 species of Genus Rhus from Shaanxi Province are reported as follows: 1, R. chinensis 2n=30+(0-5)B; 2. R. potaninii 2n=30, it is reported for the first time; 3. R. typhiflua 2n=30; 4. R. verniciflua 2n=30, hut one of 65 cultivars is a triploid 2n=3x=45. R. chinensis and R. potainii are the host plants of gall makers which produce important Chinese medicine called Chinese gall, R. verniciflua is a kind of particular economic tree in China, and R. typhiflua is a kind of quickgrowing garden plant. The results provide the cytological bases for further using and studying these plants. Until 1977 only in 6 species of woody plants were B-chromosomes discovered. In this paper 0—5 B-chromosomes are found in R. chinensis for the first time. This discovery wiill promote the further studying about the origin and distribution of B-chromosome. This paper also provides some cytological information for the classification of Genus Rhus.

关 键 词：盐肤木属 染色体 B染色体 

分 类 号：Q949.754.4[生物学—植物学]