播期播量对豫中小麦生长发育及产量的影响  

Influences of Sowing Time and Density on Growth and Yield of Wheat in Mid Henan

作　　者：姜丽娜[1] 赵艳岭[1] 邵云[1] 余海波[1] 贺远[1] 李春喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2011年第5期42-46,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD02A07-3);河南省重大科技专项(081100110200)

摘　　要：以百农矮抗58为材料,采用裂区试验设计,探讨了播期播量对豫中生态环境下高产小麦群体与个体生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明,播期对小麦单茎干物质积累的影响显著,播量对其影响不显著,晚播×小播量处理下,小麦单茎干物质积累量在成熟期表现最高(4.039 g)。播期对小麦群体数量的影响显著,早播处理下的小麦有效群体最大(700.83×104株/hm2),晚播处理下的有效群体最小,但成穗率最高(41.8%),播量对其影响不如播期明显。播期对小麦籽粒干物质积累有显著影响,且对灌浆速率的影响远大于播量的影响,适当晚播有利于灌浆期保持较高的灌浆速率,提高粒质量。播期对小麦成穗数、穗粒数及产量的影响均达显著或极显著水平,而播量对产量及产量性状影响不大。综上,豫中生态环境下,百农矮抗58采用晚播×小播量模式有利于其群个体的发育,获得高产。With ＂AK 58＂ as experimental materials,influences of sowing time and density on the growth and development of population and individuals of high-yield wheat were studied in mid Henan province during 2009-2010.In the experiment,split plot design was used with sowing time in the main plots and sowing density in the sub-plots.Three sowing dates of earlier time,middle time and later time were separately arranged on 12th October,19th October,and 26th October.Under each sowing time,three sowing densities were randomly settled,corresponding to basic seedling number of 225×104,300×104 and 375×104 seedlings per ha,respectively.The results indicated that sowing time had more influence on dry matter accumulation of single wheat stem than sowing density.In mature period,dry matter accumulation of single stem reached maximum（4.039 g） under the treatment of later sowing time combined with small sowing density.Sowing time had more significant influence on population quantity of wheat than sowing density.The effective population was the largest（700.83×104 seedlings per ha） under earlier sowing time,and the least under later sowing time.But the rate of fertile tillers was the highest（41.8%） under later sowing time.The results also showed that sowing time had more significant influence on dry matter accumulation in grains and filling rate of grains than sowing density did.Appropriate later sowing time was beneficial to keep higher filling rate and increased grain weight.The influence of sowing time on ear number,grain number per ear and yield was significant,while the influence of sowing density on grain yield and yield characters was less.In conclusion,as far as ＂AK 58＂ was concerned,the appropriate seedling mode was later sowing time and small sowing density in mid Henan.

关 键 词：小麦 豫中 播期 播量 生长发育:产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]