蓖麻耐盐性的初步研究  

Preliminary Study of Salt-tolerant of Castor

作　　者：王金妹[1,2] 阮成江[2] 黄明月[1,2] 白鹏莉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁大连116029 [2]大连民族学院生物技术与资源利用国家民委教育部重点实验室,辽宁大连116600

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2011年第5期67-73,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAD09A04);辽宁省教育厅高等学校科研项目(2009A150);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(DC10020102)

摘　　要：蓖麻为优良耐盐能源植物,但其耐盐程度尚无明确结论。为此,测定了不同盐度胁迫条件下（0、10、20、304、05、06、0 dS/m）蓖麻的生长情况及生理指标。结果表明,蓖麻在ECe=0~30 dS/m时,能正常萌发、生长并结实;ECe=40 dS/m时,能萌发但不能存活;ECe=506、0 dS/m时,发芽率为0。蓖麻生物量积累明显受到盐胁迫的抑制,但在8月份,ECe=10 dS/m处理对蓖麻生长有一定的促进作用;ECe≥20 dS/m时生物量极显著降低（P〈0.01）。叶绿素a（Chla）、叶绿素b（Chlb）含量、Chla/Chlb比值、净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）和胞间CO2浓度（Ci）总体上随ECe增大而降低,并且它们在相同盐度下8月份指标值低于7月份。最大光化学量子产量（Fv/Fm）和有效光化学量子产量在短时间内变化不显著,但随盐胁迫增强及胁迫时间的延长,两者总体逐渐降低,而光化学荧光猝灭系数（qP）则先增大后降低,最终反映蓖麻在盐胁迫下PSⅡ反应中心活性降低。发芽率、生物量、Pn、Tr、Ci、Gs、Fv/Fm、qP和有效光化学量子产量可作为蓖麻耐盐性鉴定的重要指标。Castor is an excellent salt-tolerant energy plant,but the level of salt-tolerance is uncertain.In order to explore its salt-tolerance,this article tested the growth and physiological indices of castor under different salt stress（0,10,20,30,40,50,60 dS/m ECe）.The results showed that,the germination,growth and fructification was normal when the ECe was 0~30 dS/m,it could germinate but could not growth if the ECe was 40 dS/m,and the germination rate was zero when the ECe was 50,60 dS/m;Salt stress inhibited the biomass accumulation of castor significantly,but it had certain promotion effect if the ECe was 10 dS/m,and the biomass reduced obviously when the ECe was 20 dS/m or more;With the increase of the ECe,the content of chlorophyll a（Chla）,chlorophyll b（Chlb）,the ratio of Chla/Chlb,net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,transpiration rate（Tr）,stomatal conductance（Gs） and intercellular space CO2 concentration（Ci） reduced;and those were lower in August than July in the same salinity;Maximum photochemical quantum yield（Fv/Fm） and effective photochemical quantum yield change were not significant in a short time,but they were reduced with the increase of NaCl concentration and the extend of treatment time;The photochemical fluorescence quenches coefficient（qP） rised in advance then falls,the activity of PSⅡ reduced under salt stress of the castor eventually.Therefore,germination rate,biomass,Pn,Tr,Ci,Gs,Fv/Fm,qP and yield could be used as the important indices to evaluate salt-tolerance of castor.This study provided the reference that exploitation and utilization of castor in saline-alkali land.

关 键 词：蓖麻 盐胁迫 发芽率 生理指标 

分 类 号：S565.6[农业科学—作物学]