化学质量平衡法在水体污染物源解析中的应用  

Source Apportionment of Water Pollutants by Chemical Mass Balance Method *

作　　者：黄国兰[1] 萧航[1] 陈春江 穆菲 陈勇生 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《环境科学》1999年第6期14-17,共4页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：化学质量平衡法（ＣＭＢ）是大气污染物源解析的主要方法之一⒚本实验模拟静态水体点源恒流排放的条件，监测各污染物在水中的扩散行为，建立扩散经验模型来验证化学质量平衡法是否适用于水体污染物的源解析⒚做污染物浓度距离曲线可预测各污染物的扩散行为；由同一污染源中污染物扩散方程的比较来确定污染源“成分谱”随扩散过程的变化，再由受体的污染物浓度便可求出每一污染源对该受体的贡献度⒚除极个别点外，污染物浓度实验值与预测值的相关系数均大于０９０，百分误差也均小于４％ ；贡献度预测值与实算值间的相关系数也大于０９９，可认为化学质量平衡法结合“成分谱”Chemical mass balance(CMB) is one of the main methods for determining source apportionment of air pollutants.In this experiment,sewage discharge at a constant flow from the static water point source was simulated.Diffusive behavior of pollutants in this system was monitored.An empirical diffusion model was established to determine if CMB method is adaptable to source apportionment for pollutants in sewage effluent.The model can predict the diffusive behavior of pollutants.By comparing the pollutants' empirical diffusion model of the same source,the source profile's change with diffusion of pollutants can be calculated.Provided the concentrations of pollutants at the acceptor are data,the contribution of each source also can be obtained.The correlation coefficients between measured value and predicted value of pollutant's concentration are greater than 0.90 except a very few points,and the percentage errors are less than 4%.The correlation coefficients between measured value and predicted value of each source's contribution are greater than 0.99.Thus,a conclusion can be draw:CMB method combined with source profile's change model can be adaptable to source apportionment for pollutants in the laboratory simulated water system.

关 键 词：化学质量平衡法 成分谱 源解析 水体污染物 

分 类 号：X520.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]