Cu^(2+)对水生食物链关键环节生物的毒性效应  

Study on Biotoxicity of Cu^(2+) to Organisms of Key Link in Aquatic Ecosystems Food Chain

作　　者：王良韬[1] 吴永贵[1] 廖芬[1] 黄波平[1] 申万暾[1] 陈程[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2011年第5期226-230,234,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"高氟高砷煤矿区水环境复合污染生态毒性效应及其机理研究"(20977020);贵州大学211重点学科建设项目"喀斯特矿山环境污染的生态效应研究"[贵大211(2009)012];贵州大学研究生创新基金"重金属Cu对水体富营养化进程的影响及其机理研究"(2010055);贵阳市重大科技专项"花溪国家湿地公园生物多样性培育与生态恢复技术集成示范"(2010筑科农合511)

摘　　要：为了解斜生栅藻—隆线溞—斑马鱼三级食物链中对重金属Cu2+最为敏感的生物,为水体重金属污染的生态效应评价及水体污染的生态修复提供理论依据,采用水生生态系统中初级生产者(斜生栅藻)、初级消费者(隆线溞)、次级消费者(斑马鱼)三级食物链关键环节代表性生物为受试生物,研究重金属Cu2+对上述食物链关键环节生物在单一存在和共存条件下的毒性效应。结果表明,在单一生物存在条件下,Cu2+对斜生栅藻24 h4、8 h7、2 h、96 h半数有效浓度(EC50)分别为0.283 80、.126 00、.175 80、.182 1 mg/L,Cu2+对隆线溞24 h4、8 h7、2 h、96 h半致死浓度(LC50)为0.030 30、.028 70、.027 40、.024 9 mg/L,Cu2+对斑马鱼24 h4、8 h、72 h、96 h的LC50为1.047 10、.484 8、0.455 40、.455 4 mg/L;在斜生栅藻、隆线溞和斑马鱼共存条件下,Cu2+对隆线溞具有致死作用(24-LC50为0.041 0 mg/L),对斜生栅藻和斑马鱼均未有明显响应。Three living creatures,the primary producers（Scenedesmus oblquus）,primary consumers（Daphnia carinata） and secondary consumers（Danio rerio）,consisted of key link in aquatic ecosystems food chain,were chosen as the testing organisms to study biotoxicity of heavy metal Cu2＋ under the condition of existence of a single biological organism and coexistence of three biological organisms.The results showed that under the condition of single biological organism existence,the EC50（24h,48h,72h and 96 h） of copper on inhibition of the growths of Scenedesmus oblquus were 0.283 8 mg/L,0.126 0 mg/L,0.175 8 mg/L and 0.182 1 mg/L,the LC50（24h,48h,72h and 96 h） of Cu2＋ to Daphnia carinata were 0.030 3 mg/L,0.028 7 mg/L,0.027 4 mg/L and 0.024 9 mg/L and to zebrafish were 1.047 1 mg/L,0.484 8 mg/L,0.455 4 mg/L,0.455 4 mg/L,respectively.Under the condition of three biological organisms coexistence,further tests showed that the 24 h-LC50 of Cu2＋ to Daphnia carinata was 0.041 0 mg/L and had lethal effect.However,there was no significant response on Cu2＋ to other biological organisms in the upper and lower food chain.

关 键 词：CU2+ 水生生态系统 食物链关键环节 生物毒性 

分 类 号：Q58[生物学—生物化学]