海州湾附近海域渔业资源的动态分析  

Dynamics of Fisheries Resources Near Haizhou Bay Waters

作　　者：唐峰华[1] 沈新强[1] 王云龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业资源及生态重点开放实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《水产科学》2011年第6期335-341,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC11B03);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2008Z012007T10)

摘　　要：根据2008年春、秋两个季度的连云港海州湾海域渔场调查资料,分析了该海域渔业资源的分布特征、群落结构、资源密度和多样性等。本次调查共有渔获物62种,其中鱼类28种、虾类12种、蟹类7种、头足类4种、贝类11种。春季在种类数、尾数渔获量和尾数资源密度上明显高于秋季;而在质量渔获量和质量资源密度方面,即资源单位个体质量秋季显然高于春季。该海域有一些经济种类,如小黄鱼、银鲳、带鱼、中国明对虾、葛氏长臂虾、口虾蛄、日本蟳等能在海州湾形成小规模的渔汛。经生物多样性指数分析,表明该海域渔业资源种类较丰富,分布较均匀,这可能与实施休渔保护措施有一定关系;而春秋两季污染相差不大,海域生态质量总体处于中度污染水平,且呈严重趋势,这可能与过度捕捞或人为活动扰动有关。建议继续实施调查和监测,以了解该海域的渔业资源后期变动情况。The distribution, community structure, and resource density and diversity of marine fishery resources in Lianyungang Haizhou Bay fishing ground were evaluated based on the data collected in fishery survey in spring and fall of 2008. In the catches, a total of 62 species were found including 28 species of fish, 12 species of shrimps, 7 species of crabs, 4 species of cephalopods, and 11 species of shellfish. There were significantly higher number of species, quantity catches and quantity resource density in spring than those in autumn while there was significantly higher resource biomass per unit in autumn than that in spring. The small-scale fishing season was formed for some economical species such as small yellow croaker Pseudosciaena polyactis , Pampus argenteus , tailfish Trichiurus haumela , Chinese shrimp Penaeus chinensis, prawn Palaemon gravieri, mantis shrimp Squilla oratoria and Japanese swimming crab Charybdis japonica, in Haizhou Bay. The biodiversity analysis revealed that there were rich in fisheries resources and uniform distribution in the waters, which was involved in the implementation of protective measurements. The water in Haizhou Bay was overall moderate in pollution level, without significant difference in marine ecological quality in spring and autumn, which may be disturbed by human activities or over-fishing. It is suggested that further investigation and monitoring be needed in order to understand the latest changes in fisheries resources.

关 键 词：渔业资源 群落结构 资源密度 多样性指数 

分 类 号：S932.2[农业科学—渔业资源]