840例医务人员锐器伤现状调查  

A Current Situation Survey on Sharp Injury in 840 Medical Workers

作　　者：徐世兰[1] 吴西亿[2] 饶莉[1] 谭成[1] 乔甫[1] 蒲丹[1] 尹维佳[1] 舒明蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院医院感染管理科,成都610041 [2]四川大学口腔医院外科,成都610041

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2011年第6期636-639,共4页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过调查医务人员锐器伤发生情况,为制定锐器伤防护措施提供科学依据。方法采用上海复旦大学中山医院设计的锐器伤调查问卷,按工作类别抽取四川大学华西医院各科室相关人群的10%进行调查。问卷内容包括被调查者的基本情况,锐器伤后的报告情况,以及培训参与和过去1年锐器伤涉及的暴露源、操作、场所和器具。结果共发放调查问卷840份,回收840份,有效回收率100%。840名被调查者中,男性占23%,女性占72%,50.24%发生过锐器伤;工作年限<10年者占锐器伤总数的75%,护士、保洁员、医师锐器伤率处于前3位,手术室为锐器伤发生的第一高危科室;已知血源性暴露源为乙肝69例、梅毒19例、丙肝6例和HIV 3例;62%的被调查者参加过培训,但仅有11.61%被刺伤者报告过锐器伤。结论该院医务人员锐器伤发生率较高,但报告率较低。手术室为锐器伤发生高危科室,护士、保洁员、医师为锐器伤发生高危人群。应加强重点科室、重点人群锐器伤防护和培训。To survey the current situation of the sharp injury in medical workers, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and protection of sharp injury. Methods Through applying the questionnaire of sharp injuries designed by Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Fudan University, 10% of the workers in all departments of West China Hospital of Sichuan University were selected as respondents according to their job categories. The main contents of the survey included the general information of respondents, reporting after sharp injuries, training participation, and the exposure sources, operations, premises and equipments related to sharp injuries over the past one year. Results Of 840 questionnaires distributed, 100% were valid. The ratio of male was 23% while the female was 72%. There were 50.20% of all respondents who once got injured, and 75% of the respondents having the history of sharp injury worked less than 10 years. The nurses, house keepers and physicians were in the top three positions of suffering from sharp injury; and the operating room was ranked as the highest risk department for sharp injuries. The known haematogenous exposure sources were 69 cases of hepatitis B, 19 syphilis, 6 hepatitis C, and 3 HIV.There were 62% of the respondents who had ever attend- ed related training, and only 11.61% of the injured respondents reported their sharp injuries. Conclusion The incidence rate of the sharp injury is high, but the report rate is low. The operating room is the high risk department, and nurses, house keepers, and physicians are the high risk population for sharp injuries. The prevention and protection and training for sharp injury in target departments and population should be strengthened.

关 键 词：医院感染控制 锐器伤 职业防护 调查 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]