太湖人工种养凤眼莲的光合生产力及其碳汇潜力分析  

Photosynthetic productivity and the potential of carbon sink in cultivated water hyacinth(Eichhornia crassipes) in Taihu Lake

作　　者：李霞[1] 丛伟[1] 任承钢[1] 盛婧[2] 朱普平[2] 郑建初[1,2] 严少华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2011年第3期500-504,共5页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAC63B01)

摘　　要：为给太湖地区凤眼莲高产栽培技术提供技术支持,以太湖地区人工围养生长的凤眼莲群落为研究对象,在其6~10月旺盛生长季节,采用LI-6400光合作用测定系统,以开放式气路测定了其不同叶位的净光合速率（Pn）,功能叶片重要的光合参数如最大光合速率（Pm ax）、光补偿点（LCP）、光饱和点（LSP）和表观量子效率（AQE）以及叶片叶绿素含量等,最后测定植株的叶面积指数和干物质重等。结果显示：太湖地区凤眼莲光合的年度特征表现为7月的光合能力最强,6~10月的月平均Pm ax、LSP、LCP和AQE分别为（37.86±3.27）μmol/（m2.s）、（2 502.5±46.0）μmol/（m2.s）、（16.1±2.9）μmol/（m2.s）和0.053 2±0.001 4;从不同月份不同叶位的Pn看,除心叶和最后1片叶外,均是成熟的光合功能叶片;功能叶片的叶绿素含量与水稻剑叶类似;进一步从该地区凤眼莲实际年干物质重分析,该地区人工种养0.067 hm2凤眼莲可吸收3.90×105kg CO2,鉴此,太湖地区大力增加凤眼莲种植面积与发挥其叶片的光合能力,将是江苏省未来增加碳汇的一条有效技术途径。To provide technical supports to increase the photosynthetic productivity in domesticated water hyacinth（Eichhornia crassipes） in Taihu Lake of Jiangsu Province,China,the photosynthetic characteristics of water hyacinth leaves were monitored during June and October,2009,by using a portable photosynthesis system（LI-6400）.The net photosynthetic rate（Pn） at different leaf positions,and other photosynthetic parameters including maximum photosynthetic rate（Pmax）,light compensation point（LCP）,light saturation point（LSP） and the apparent quantum efficiency（AQE）,and chlorophyll content in leaves were assayed.The leaf area index and dry weight of individual plant were measured as well after harvest.The results showed that Pmax in water hyacinth in Taihu lake area appeared in July,and the monthly average Pmax,LSP,LCP and AQE were（37.86±3.27） μmol/（m2·s）,（2 502.5±46） μmol/（m2·s）,（16.1±2.9） μmol/（m2·s） and 0.053 2±0.001 4,respectively,during June and October.All these data suggest that Taihu lake is suitable for growing water hyacinth in large scale;Moreover,the mature leaves at different positions and spanning the whole period,excluding interior and outermost senescent leaves,performed the highest Pn and therefore played major roles in photosynthesis.The chlorophyll content of these functional leaves was characterized similar to that of flag leaf of rice.According to the yearly dry biomass production of the water hyacinth,it is estimated that approximate 3.90×105 kg CO2 could be absorbed per year by water hyacinth in 0.067 km2 field.Accordingly,increase of the planting area in Taihu Lake and photosynthetic productivity in individual plant of water hyacinth was proposed as an effective way to enlarge the carbon sink in Jiangsu Province.

关 键 词：凤眼莲 太湖 光合特性 环境影响因子 碳汇 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]