甘肃兴隆山自然保护区濒危马麝(Moschus sifanicus)秋季利用生境特征  

Habitat Utilization of Alpine Musk Deer(Moschus sifanicus) During Autumn in Northwestern China

作　　者：孟秀祥[1] 潘世秀[1] 惠岑怿[1] 张学炎 潘世成 冯金朝[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081 [2]甘肃兴隆山国家级自然保护区管理局,榆中730117

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2011年第3期412-417,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30770286);教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"项目(No.NCET-08-0596);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(No.2008BADB0B06)资助~~

摘　　要：于2006～2007年9～10月间采用样线样带法研究了甘肃兴隆山自然保护区马麝的秋季生境利用特征,共布设286个空白对照样地和55个利用样地,测量并比较两类样地内的海拔等17个生境变量.结果表明,马麝秋季利用样地的乔木密度（0.90±0.14）和灌木均高（1.92 m±0.53 m）显著低于非利用样地（乔木密度1.35±0.07;灌木均高3.01 m±0.53 m）,而且距水源距离（〈1 000 m,76.37%）和人为干扰活动距离（〈1 000 m,76.36%）较近的中下坡位生境（82.82%）（P〈0.05）.对喜好生境变量的主成分分析表明,地理因子（由海拔、水源距离、植被类型和坡向构成）是制约兴隆山马麝秋季栖息地选择的首要因子,此外,郁闭度因子（由郁闭度和坡度构成）、食物因子（由食物多度和乔木胸径构成）和隐蔽因子（由隐蔽度和避风性构成）也是影响兴隆山马麝秋季生境选择的重要因素.由于秋季对食物和水源的强烈选择,兴隆山马麝对生境隐蔽性和距人为干扰距离的选择强度较低,即承受较大强度的人为干扰.During September and October from 2006 to 2007,seventeen identifying habitat variables were assessed for 286 sites in the Xinglongshan National Nature Reserve in Gansu,northwestern China.Of the 286 sites,52 were designated as the used sites by Moschus sifanicus and 231 as random sites.The results showed that M.sifanicus preferred the habitats on the middle and lower slopes in autumn with denser trees,higher shrubs and shorter distances to water sources and human disturbance.The principal component analysis showed that the ＂geographic factors＂,including altitude,water dispersion,vegetation type and slope aspect were the most important to affect the deer＇s habitat selection in autumn.Other important factors affecting the habitat selection included ＂canopy factors＂（arbor canopy and slope gradient）,＂food factors＂（food abundance and arbor DBH）,and ＂concealment factors＂（concealment and lee condition） were the important ecological factors influencing the habitat selection of M.sifanicu in autumn.Tab 5,Ref 31

关 键 词：马麝(Moschus Sifanicus) 生境喜好 秋季 兴隆山自然保护区 

分 类 号：S865[农业科学—野生动物驯养]