听觉中枢神经元对声信号的识别和处理  

Sound Signal Recognition and Processing of Central Auditory Neurons

作　　者：李洋[1] 唐佳[1] 付子英[1] 陈其才[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学生命科学学院遗传调控与整合生物学湖北省重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2011年第6期499-505,共7页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31070971);教育部科学技术重点基金资助项目(108096)~~

摘　　要：人类听觉的基本特性和机制与其他哺乳动物相似,因此,利用动物所作的听觉研究和获得的结果,有助于认识人类自身的听觉.围绕听觉中枢神经元对不同模式的声信号的识别和处理,简要综述了这方面的研究.声信号和声模式识别在听觉中枢对声信号的感受和加工中具有重要意义.听神经元作为声模式识别的结构和功能基础,对不同的声刺激模式产生不同反应,甚至是在同一声刺激模式下,改变其中的某个声参数,神经元的反应也会发生相应改变,而其反应的特性和机制均需要更多研究来解答.另外,声信号作为声信息的载体,不同的声信息寓于不同的声参数和声特征之中,研究发现,听觉中枢神经元存在相应的声信息甄别和选择的神经基础,能对动态变化的声频率、幅度和时程等进行反应和编码,并且,在不同种类动物上获得的研究结果极为相似,表明听觉中枢对不同声信号和声刺激模式的识别、分析和加工,具有共同性和普遍性.The basic properties and mechanisms of human hearing are similar to the mammals, therefore, the hearing researches performed on and the results obtained from the animals are very helpful to elucidate mechanisms of auditory processing of human. It was discusses briefly the studies and finding on the sound signal recognition and processing in central auditory neurons. Recognition of sound signal and pattern plays an important role in sound signal perception and processing of auditory center. The auditory neurons, as the base of sound signal and pattern recognition, can generate different responses to different sound patterns, even to fine sound parameters change of the same sound pattern. However, mechanism underlying sound signal recognition of auditory neurons is still not completely clear up to now. On the other hand, sound signal is the carrier of sound information, and different information may be carried by different sound components or parameters of sound signal. The previous studies have demonstrated that central auditory neurons have abilities to encode and discriminate the sound information embedded in different sound signals. Therefore, they can generate responses to sound frequency, amplitude, and duration in changing and encode these sound parameters. These similar results obtained from animals of different species also implied that auditory centers of the animals have intercommunity and universality in recognition, analyzing, and processing of sound signal.

关 键 词：声信号识别 声信号处理 听觉中枢神经元 

分 类 号：Q6[生物学—生物物理学] R338[医药卫生—人体生理学]