水浮莲对锰污染水体的净化作用研究  

Study on Mn removal by Pistia stratiotes L.from Mn-contaminated water

作　　者：华建峰[1] 张垂胜[1] 殷云龙[1] 王兴祥[2] 芦治国[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,南京210014 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第3期24-27,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：江苏新资源科技材料有限公司"锰的植物吸收与回收利用"课题;国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题(2008ZX07101-004-3)

摘　　要：通过静态水培试验探讨了水浮莲(Pistia stratiotes L.)对55mg/L和155 mg/L锰(Mn)污染水体的净化作用。结果表明,各个处理的水浮莲鲜重、干重以及相对生长率表现出相同的变化趋势,从大到小依次为55 mg/L Mn处理、对照处理、155 mg/L Mn处理。155 mg/LMn处理的水浮莲叶片的叶绿素含量显著低于对照与55 mg/L Mn处理。水体Mn质量浓度随着取样时间的延长而降低,21 d时55 mg/L和155 mg/L处理的Mn去除率分别为31.44%和18.53%。与之相反,水浮莲的Mn质量比随着取样时间的延长而升高,收获时55mg/LMn处理的根和茎叶中Mn质量比分别为7 090 mg/kg和6 130 ng/kg,而155 mg/L Mn处理的根和茎叶中Mn质量比分别为12 320 mg/kg和12430 mg/kg。55 mg/L和155 mg/L Mn处理的水浮莲茎叶与根的Ca、Mg含量总体上随着处理时间的增加呈降低趋势。研究表明,水浮莲在净化Mn污染水体方面有很好的应用前景。The paper has done some static water cultivation experiments, attempting to study on Mn removal by means of an aquatic： macrophyte water lettuce （i. e. Pistia stratiotes L.） from 55 mg/L and 155 mg/L Mn-contaminated waters. For this purpose, we have designed five treatments in our experiments： （1） without Mn （control）, （2） 55 mg/L Mn, （3） 55 mg/L Mn without plant, （4） 155 mg/L Mn, and （5） 155 mg/L Mn without plant. The results of all the above said experiments show that, the fresh weight, the dry weight and the relative growth rate of Pistia stratiotes L. revealed the same trend, which turned to be able to reduce significantly in the following order： 55 mg/L Mn treatment 〉 control treatment 〉 155 mg/L Mn treatment. The concentrations of chlorophyll proved to be remarkably higher in control and 55 mg/L Mn treatment than in 155 mg/L Mn treatment. At the harvest time, there were no significant variations of Mn concentrations in the pots without plants. However, Mn concentrations were found to have decreased in the pots with plants. Then, we have worked nut Mn removal efficieneies as 31.44% and 18.53% in 55 mg/L and 155 mg/L Mn treatments, respectively. Mn contents in Pistia stratiotes L. were found to have been increasing, with 6 130 mg/kg in shoots and 7 090 mg/kg in roots in the case of 55 mg/L Mn treatment, but with 12 430 mg/kg and 12 320 mg/kg in the case of 155 mg/L Mn treatment. Unlike the Mn contents, Ca and Mg contents of Pistia stratiotes L. in all Mn treatments exhibited a decreasing trend. At the end of our experiment, Mg mass ratio in shoots and roots turned to be 5.85 g/kg and 6.45 g/kg, that is, declining to 31.90% and 49.21% in 55 mg/L Mn treatment, but were 5.50 g/kg and 5.54 g/kg, which means reducing 35.97% and 56.38% in 155 mg/L Mn treatment as compared with the initial mass ratio in Pistia stratiotes L. In short, the results of our experiments have strongly indicated that Pistia stratiotes L. enjoys great potential as a phytoremediation plant for purifying M

关 键 词：环境科学技术基础学科 MN 植物修复 水污染 水浮莲 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]