金属氧化物对赤泥复配阻燃聚乙烯协效作用的研究  

On the synergistic effect of metallic oxides on the flame-retardant polyethylene with red mud composites

作　　者：陈钒[1] 郝建薇[1] 杜建新[1] 张维[1] 吴红应[2] 李晓勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,阻燃材料研究国家专业实验室,北京100081 [2]中国铝业股份有限公司河南分公司,郑州450041

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第3期174-177,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAC41B00)

摘　　要：为了提高由拜耳法赤泥、红磷、硼酸锌、氢氧化铝组成的赤泥复配阻燃剂的阻燃效率,采用金属氧化物作为协效剂,研究了ZnO、Ni_2O_3、TiO_2分别在赤泥复配阻燃聚乙烯中的协效作用。结果表明,ZnO的协效作用最好。在60%(质量分数)的赤泥复配阻燃剂中添加占阻燃剂2%(质量分数)的ZnO可使聚乙烯的氧指数由27.2%提高到28.9%,UL-94通过V-0级,峰值热释放速率及烟释放速率均下降了40%。ZnO能显著改善阻燃聚乙烯的热稳定性并增加残炭量,使残炭更加致密。The present paper is concerned about our research on the synergistic effect of metallic oxides on the flame-retardant polyethylene with red mud composites. It is known that the red mud composite consists of bayer red mud （BRM）, microeneapsulated red phosphorus （MRP）, zinc borate （ZB）, and aluminum hydroxide （ATH）, in which the weight distributing ratio of BRM, MRP, ZB and ATH flame retardants is 5：1：1：2. For surface treating, it is necessary to use a silane coupling agent of 2% wt in the mud composite. The maleie anhydride grafted polyethylene （MAPE） was then combined with PE in a weight ratio of 1 ： 8 （ MAPE ： PE） to improve the compatibility between the red mud composite and PE. The combustion effect of the flame retardant PE with red mud composites can also be tested by limiting the oxygen index （ LOI）, UL - 94 vertical burning test and CONE calorimeter. The results of our experiments have shown that ZnO can produce the best synergistic effect on the flame retardant PE. Adding 2 wt% of ZnO to the red mud composites at 60 wt% as the flame-retardant PE was expected to increase LOI from 27.2% to 28.9 % and obtain UL 94 V - 0 rating, with the peak value of heat releasing rate decreasing from 300 kW/m2 to 180 kW/m2, and the smoke releasing rate reduced from 0.068 m2/s to 0.039 m2/s. Then, the thermal stability of flame retardant PE can be tested through a thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）. The results indicate that ZnO helps to improve the initial decomposition temperature from 184℃ to 241 ℃ and char residue of flame retardant PE. The study of char structure morphologies of flame retardant PE by scanning electronic microscope （SEM） show that ZnO also tends to lead to more char compact. From what is discussed above, it can be seen that the present study on the synergistic effect of metal oxides plays in important role in improving flame retardant properties of PE and the sphere of application of red mud composites in other polymers. Study of the synergistic eff

关 键 词：复合材料 赤泥 金属氧化物 阻燃 聚乙烯 

分 类 号：TQ325[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]