芝麻对涝害的反应及适应性变异 Ⅰ.模拟涝害胁迫下芝麻基因型间的形态、生物量及产量变化  

Study on response to waterlogging and adaptative change in sesame(Sesamum indicum L. )Ⅰ. Changes of morphology, biomass and seed yield of different sesame genotypes under artificial flooding condition

作　　者：王文泉[1] 梅鸿献[2] 郑永战 张福锁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物营养系,北京100094 [2]河南省农科院芝麻研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》1999年第4期29-32,共4页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：农业部重点课题!01-01-02

摘　　要：采用双因素裂区设计，在大田人工淹水条件下研究了5种芝麻基因型对渍害的适应性反应。结果表明，心叶缺铁性黄化，新生根产生，生物量及籽粒产量下降，植株茎延伸生长为典型的渍水胁迫症状；芝麻对渍水敏感期为初花期，生育早期渍水驯化能显著改善芝麻的耐渍性。基因型间，野芝7号耐渍性最强，心叶黄化不明显，新生白根数多，产量损失很小，相对产量为0．967，生物量下降后恢复能力强。豫芝1号、武昌九根头新生白根较多，生物量下降后有较强的恢复能力，相对产量较低，分别为0．428和0．626，耐渍性较好。丹巴格心叶黄化较明显，白根量少，生物量能部分恢复，相对产量0．813，具中度耐渍性。遂平小籽黄心叶黄化快，基本无白根发生，产量损失大，相对产量0．338，耐渍性差。5 sesame genotypes were subjected to successive artificial flooding treat, to assess their adaptation responses to waterlogging by the design of two-factor random splitted-blocks. The hypothesis tested were:yellowed top leaves, emergency of new white roots, diminishing of biomass and seedyield and the elongation of stem of the plants were the typically adaptive changes of sesame plant to flooding. The genotypes were founded to be affected most severely by flooding at the beginning flowering stage, and their tolerant ability to flooding was significantly improved by early-stage watering train. Among the genotypes, Wild No. 7. Held the strongest flooding tolerant genes, expressing slightly yellowed top leaves, the most white roots newly born, with a high degree restorations of decreased biomass and 0. 957, the highest relative seed yield. Yuzhi No. 1 and Wuchang Jiugentou were tha less tolerant varieties, with the bigger amounts of white roots, stronger restoration of biomass after previous decreasing, and 0. 428,0. 626 of relative yield. Danbackggae also had some degree of tolerant genes for its regrowing of white roots, partly restoration of biomass and 0. 813 of relative yield.Suiping Xiaozihuang was a sensitive variety to flooding, expressing fast yellowed heart leaves, no white roots to be emerged, and the severe yield lost, with the 0. 338 relative yield.

关 键 词：芝麻 耐渍性 生物量 适应性变异 

分 类 号：S565.303.2[农业科学—作物学]