棉田周缘种植不同品种油菜诱集带增益控害效果初步研究  

Comparative study on conservation of natural enemy in cotton field by different rapes in Xinjiang

作　　者：王伟[1] 姚举[1] 李号宾[1] 张瑜[2] 王东[3] 马国兰[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆出入境检验检疫局,乌鲁木齐830063 [3]新疆莎车县农业技术推广中心,844700

出　　处：《植物保护》2011年第3期142-145,共4页Plant Protection

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD21B02-3;2006BAD08A07-06);新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅项目(200731133-3)

摘　　要：为了明确棉田周缘种植油菜对棉田害虫和益虫的影响,2007年5-6月在新疆莎车县棉田周缘分别种植不同油菜品种‘新油13号’、‘258110’和‘253142’,调查各处理棉田自然天敌和主要害虫发生情况。结果表明,种植油菜诱集带的棉田自然天敌主要种类有食虫蝽、蜘蛛和瓢虫,发生数量分别占天敌总数量的39%、20%和19%。方差分析表明3个品种油菜带棉田天敌总量差异显著,‘253142’处理天敌总量极显著多于‘新油13号’处理和‘258110’处理;不同品种油菜带棉田蚜虫类和叶蝉类害虫总量差异显著,牧草盲蝽总量差异不显著。不同油菜品种对棉花长势的影响没有显著差异。但‘新油13号’与棉花的共生期最长,对棉花长势的潜在影响最大。综合分析认为,‘253142’芥菜型油菜品种可作为棉田诱集带待选品种。Based on the survey in 2007, a further systematic survey was made in three rapes in Shache county in Xinjiang Province. The main purposes for this research were to understand the effects of three rapes on the pests and natural enemies in cotton fields. By comparing different rapes, we found that： （1） by interplanting different rapes in cotton fields, the natural enemy community mainly included predacious bugs, spiders and ladybirds, accounting for 39%, 20% and 19% of the total, respectively; （2） there were significant differences in total numbers of natural enemies. Rape type ‘253142’ harbored more natural enemies than ‘258110’ and ‘Xinyou 13’;（3）there were significant differences in total numbers of aphids and leafhoppers in three different rapes; （4） there were no significant differences in the effects of the three different rapes on cotton growth; （5） in contrast with ‘253142’ and ‘258110’, ‘Xinyou 13’ had longer growth duration and potential risk to cotton. It is suggested that the rape type ‘253142’ be adopted.

关 键 词：油菜诱集带 棉花 天敌 害虫 

分 类 号：S471[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]