基于有限元法的重载敞车端墙动压力分布规律研究  

Study of Dynamic Pressure on End Walls of Open Wagon Based on FEM

作　　者：谢素明[1] 何兴旺[1] 赵伟[1] 陈秉智[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2011年第3期11-14,25,共5页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

基　　金：铁道部科技计划资助项目(2009J005-C);辽宁省重点实验室资助项目(2008S037)

摘　　要：以重载敞车车体为研究对象,基于TB/T 1335—1996、美国AAR标准以及边界非线性有限元法对比分析了车体端墙静压力分布规律,基于有限元法的端墙静压力数值与TB/T 1335—1996中第一工况的端墙压力数值接近,且端墙底部有压力松弛现象与试验结果一致.依据车辆冲击试验规定,利用大变形碰撞非线性有限元法进行了重载敞车与重载敞车的冲击仿真分析,仿真结果表明:端墙动压力沿端墙高度的变化近似呈梯形状,在散粒煤表面和底部端墙动压力小,在端墙中部压力大且数值基本一致;随着冲击速度的增大,端墙压力整体增大,端墙所受合力作用点上移;端墙横带最大相对位移达到了26.6 mm.Static pressure on end walls of open wagon body is studied respectively by TB/T 1335—1996,AAR standards and static finite element methods.The finite element analysis result is approximate to the end walls pressure obtained by equation of the first load condition in TB/T 1335—1996,and its pressure relaxation at the bottom of end wall is consistent with the test results.Based on complex nonlinear dynamic finite element method,dynamic pressure on end walls of the moving wagon body is performed.The dynamic pressure distribution along the wall height is similar to trapezoidal,the pressures located in granular surface and bottom of the wall are comparatively small,and the pressure value is large and almost invariable in central region of the wall.With the impact velocity increases,the dynamic pressure increase,action point of the total force to the wall is shifted upward,and the maximal relative displacement of the end transverse belt is 26.6 mm.

关 键 词：重载敞车 碰撞仿真 散粒货物 端墙动压力 

分 类 号：U272.2[机械工程—车辆工程]