女子拳击运动员上肢和腰部肌肉力量训练的肌电分析  

Women boxing athletes' EMG of upper limbs and lumbar muscles in the training of air striking of straight punch

作　　者：张日辉[1,2] 康志新[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳体育学院运动人体科学系,辽宁沈阳110102 [2]吉林大学白求恩医学院生理学教研室,长春130021

出　　处：《中国应用生理学杂志》2011年第2期253-256,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科技项目资助(2009A669)

摘　　要：目的:利用肌电指标分析拳击运动员上肢和腰部肌肉力量训练效果。方法:用Mega公司的ME6000肌电图仪记录分析10名女子拳击运动员上臂肱二头肌(主动肌)与肱三头肌(拮抗肌)、前臂屈肌(主动肌)与伸肌(拮抗肌)和腰部肌群的运动诱发肌电,规定运动为手持2.5 kg的哑铃负荷进行直拳空击运动直至局部肌肉力竭。结果:直拳空击运动至局部肌肉力竭过程中,上肢拮抗肌的中位频率(MF)下降幅度和速度大于相对应的主动肌,且从肌群作功来看,主动肌作功百分比较拮抗肌大。其中9名普通运动员腰肌的肌电频率(MF)均值较1名指定样本世界冠军的下降缓慢,而且其作功百分比都较小。结论:通过对普通女子拳击运动员上肢和腰部肌群肌电指标测试与世界冠军的比较分析,提示本研究中所测普通拳击运动员拮抗肌和腰部肌肉力量训练不足,有待加强该部肌肉的力量训练。Objective：To study training effect of upper limbs and lumbar muscles in the proceed of air striking of straight punch by analyzing boxing athletes＇ changes of electromyogram（EMG）.Methods：We measured EMG of ten women boxing athletes＇ upper arm biceps（contractor muscle）,upper arm triceps（antagonistic muscle）,forearm flexor muscle（contractor muscle）,forearm extensor muscle（antagonistic muscle）,and lumbar muscles by ME6000（Mega Electronics Ltd.）.The stipulated exercise was to do air striking of straight punch with loads of 2.5 kg of dumbbell in the hand until exhausted.Results：In the proceed of exercise-induce exhausted,the descend magnitude and speed of median frequency（MF） in upper limb antagonistic muscle exceeded to contracting muscle,moreover,the work percentage showed that contractor have done a larger percentage of work than antagonistic muscle.Compared with world champion＇s EMG,the majority of ordinary athletes＇ lumbar muscles MF revealed non-drop tendency,and the work percentage showed that lumbar muscles had a very little percentage of work.Conclusion：After comparing the EMG test index in upper limb and lumbar muscle of average boxing athletes with that of the world champion,we find the testees lack of the training of upper limb antagonistic muscle and lumbar muscle,and more trainings aimed at these muscles need to be taken.

关 键 词：拳击 上肢 腰肌 拮抗肌 肌电 

分 类 号：Q42[生物学—神经生物学] Q44[生物学—生理学]