瓶鼻海豚的click声信号特性  

Vocalization and signal characteristic of bottlenose dolphin

作　　者：牛富强[1] 杨燕明[1] 文洪涛[1] 刘贞文[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《声学技术》2011年第2期148-152,共5页Technical Acoustics

基　　金：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(海三科2009049;海三科2009010);2010年国家海洋局青年科学基金项目(2010422)

摘　　要：对自然环境下圈养在网箱内的瓶鼻海豚的发声及信号特性进行研究,利用实验室构建的宽频信号记录系统,获取大量的海豚原始发声信号,借助Matlab软件对这些信号进行时域、频谱分析。结果表明,瓶鼻海豚的发声信号复杂多样,主要分为滴答声、哨叫声和爆裂脉冲等三类。重点研究的的答声属于高频窄脉冲,频率分布范围广,集中在2～160 kHz,峰值频率在110 kHz附近,高于室内环境下瓶鼻海豚的答声信号的峰值频率;并且不同的声行为下,瓶鼻海豚发出的答声的次数有明显不同,喂食和训练时,发声次数较多,但频谱特性的变化趋势基本一致。The research on the vocalization and signal characteristics of bottlenose dolphins in natural environment has been done.A large amount of original vocal signals are obtained by the broad frequency-band recording system inte-grated by laboratory instruments.Signals are evaluated by Matlab tools,and the results suggest that the sounds of bottlenose dolphins are complex and diverse,mainly including click,whistles and burst pulses etc.The paper focuses on the clicks having high frequency and narrow time.Clicks have a wide range of frequency distribution concentrating in 2～160 kHz and the peak frequency as high as 110 kHz,but dolphins in tank emit clicks with lower peak frequencies.The number of clicks is obviously different under different acoustic behavior.Dolphins emit clicks more frequently at feeding and training times but the trends of spectral characteristic variation are basically the same.

关 键 词：瓶鼻海豚 频谱分析 声信号特征 

分 类 号：P7[天文地球—海洋科学] Q62[生物学—生物物理学]