股静脉穿刺定位的超声学测量  

Ultrasonographical measurement for directing femoral vein puncture

作　　者：陆利冲[1] 汪小海[1] 李浩[2] 郑曼[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学鼓楼临床医学院麻醉科,210008 [2]南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院麻醉科

出　　处：《江苏医药》2011年第11期1310-1312,共3页Jiangsu Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的利用超声技术探讨双侧股静脉与股动脉之间的解剖关系及其影响因素。方法随机选择成年手术患者275例,超声探头于短轴方向垂直接触腹股沟韧带中点下方2 cm处探测股动静脉相对解剖位点。研究指标:动静脉中心矢状线之间的垂直距离(d1),静脉中心与动脉壁矢状线之间的垂直距离(d2),静脉中心与内侧方向静脉壁矢状线之间的垂直距离(d3),静脉深度(d4)及动脉半径(d5)。结果双侧d1平均为(4.9±0.9)mm,d2平均为(2.0±2.5)mm,d3平均为(4.6±2.0)mm,d4平均为(25.1±6.1)mm,组d5平均为(3.3±0.9)mm。M组双侧d1及d5均显著增加,左侧股d3显著增加及d4显著减少。老年患者左侧d2显著减少,双侧d5显著增加。B3组右侧d1显著减少,B2、B3组右侧d2显著减少,B2组右侧d3显著增加,B2、B3组双侧d4显著增加(P均<0.05),P均<0.01)。结论临床上穿刺选择股静脉最好选择股动脉搏动最明显处内侧5 mm进针。Objective To make a measurement for directing femoral vein（FV） puncture with ultrasonography.Methods With ultrasonography,the relationship of FV and femoral artery（FA） located at 2cm distal to the inguinal ligament was studied in 275 adult patients.The measurements included the the distance between FA center and FV center（d1）,the distance from the wall of FA to FV center（d2）,the distance from the wall of FV to FV center（d3）,and the deepth of the FV（d4） and the FA radius（d5）.Results The average distance was 4.9mm for d1,2.0mm for d2,4.6mm for d3,25.1mm for d4,and 3.3mm for d5.The d1 and d5 on both sides were increased,the d3 was increased,but d4 was decreased on the left side in male compared to those in female.The d2 was reduced on the left side and d5 was increased on both sides in the elderly.The d1,d2 and d3 were reduced on the right side and the d4 was increased on both sides in the obesity.Conclusion The optimal site for puncturing the FV is a point at 5mm apart from the point of inside the pulsed FA.

关 键 词：股静脉穿刺 股动脉 超声 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]