MicroRNA及其对哺乳动物繁殖的影响  

Effects of MicroRNA on the Mammalian Reproduction

作　　者：徐盛玉[1] 王定越[1] 吴德[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,雅安625014

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2011年第6期747-753,共7页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：教育部创新团队计划(IRT0555);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871804)

摘　　要：卵巢功能的正常维持有赖于卵巢生殖细胞和体细胞之间的相互作用及若干卵巢自分泌和旁分泌的调节。这些调节物质调控卵巢内不同的细胞活动,包括细胞生长、分化和凋亡,从而对卵泡的发育起着至关重要的作用。Mi-cro-RNAs(miRNAs)是一种小的、非编码、21～25nt长的单链小分子RNA,近年来科学家们发现其在基因表达转录后水平的调控发挥了重要作用。鼠上的研究显示,miRNAs在卵母细胞成熟和卵巢卵泡发育过程中有调控功能。人上的研究也表明,miRNAs影响颗粒细胞中特定的基因表达,并参与卵巢癌的形成和发展。本文将对miRNAs的生物合成,及其在哺乳动物繁殖系统中的表达,正常和病理情况下miRNAs在繁殖系统中可能的调控作用作一综述。Mammalian ovarian function depends on the interactions between the germ and somatic cell,and the regulation of several intraovarian autocrine/paracrine regulators in the ovary.These mediators regulate various ovarian cellular activities including cell growth,differentiation and apoptosis,which play critical role in follicular development.Micro-RNAs（miRNAs） are small,noncoding,single-strand regulatory RNAs that are 21 to 25 nucleotides in length.It was found that miRNAs play important roles in the posttranscriptional gene expression.It have indicated that miRNAs have the regulatory function in mice oocyte maturation and ovarian follicular development.In the human,miRNAs may affect the specific gene expression in granulosa cells and participate in the establishment and progression of ovarian cancer.This paper will review the miRNAs＇ biosynthesis,expression in mammalian reproductive system and the potential regulatory functions of miRNAs in the reproductive system under normal and pathologic conditions.

关 键 词：MICRORNA 哺乳动物 卵泡发育 繁殖疾病 

分 类 号：S811.2[农业科学—畜牧学] Q522[农业科学—畜牧兽医]