非均相催化臭氧处理高浓度制药废水的研究  

Heterogeneous catalytic ozone oxidationfor pharmaceutical wastewater treatment

作　　者：蔡少卿[1] 戴启洲[1] 王佳裕[1] 陈建孟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学生物与环境工程学院,杭州310032

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2011年第7期1440-1449,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：浙江省重点科技创新团队项目(No.2011R09048-04);浙江省自然科学基金(No.Y5090272);浙江省重大科技专项(No.2008C13014-6)~~

摘　　要：非均相催化臭氧是一种对高浓度制药废水进行预处理的有效方法.本研究采用单一活性炭吸附、单一臭氧氧化和臭氧/活性炭联用3种体系对实际制药废水进行预处理,并对处理过程中的工艺参数进行优化.结果表明,相比单一活性炭吸附和单一臭氧降解体系,臭氧/活性炭联用体系能显著提高COD、TOC的去除率及BOD5/COD值,并显示出良好的协同作用.当pH=12、活性炭投加量为20g·L-1、臭氧投加量为64mg·min-1时,COD的去除率达到72.6%,TOC去除率达到57.7%,BOD5/COD值达到0.345,实现了难降解制药有机废水的可生化性.pH对污染物的去除有较为明显的影响,高pH对活性炭的吸附有明显的抑制作用,相比酸性条件下的臭氧/活性炭联用体系,碱性条件下能获得更佳的去除效果,同时,提高臭氧和活性炭投加量能明显提高COD的去除率.工艺参数优化结果表明,简化的动力学模型可较好地用于表征高浓度复杂有机废水的宏观调控.通过pHpzc、SEM、BET、红外光谱等分析发现,在酸性条件下,活性炭主要起吸附剂的作用;而在碱性条件下,活性炭则主要起催化臭氧分解氧化的作用.Heterogeneous catalytic ozone oxidation was applied as an efficient way of pretreatment of highly concentrated pharmaceutical wastewater.The pretreatment of real pharmaceutical wastewater was compared in systems of ozonation alone and ozone/activated carbon.Compared with ozonation alone,the integrated process could greatly improve the removal efficiency of COD with an obvious synergistic effect.In the integrated process,COD removal could reach 72.6% under the conditions of pH 12,20 g · L-1 activated carbon and 64 mg · min-1 ozone.The final TOC removal was 57.7% and BOD5/COD 0.345,achieving effective biodegradation of pharmaceutical wastewater.The pH has an obvious influence on the removal of COD.The increase of pH inhibits adsorption by active carbon.Compared with acid conditions,a higher removal rate could be gained under alkaline conditions.The dosages of ozone and activated carbon also have marked effect on COD removal.Increasing their dosage obviously enhanced the removal efficiency of COD.A lumped kinetic model could be successfully applied to the pharmaceutical wastewater treatment.Through the analysis of pHpzc SEM,BET and infrared spectra,the reaction mechanism was different under different pH conditions.Through analysis of kinetic model fits,we conclude that under the acid conditions,the major function of activated carbon is adsorption,while under basic conditions,the major function is to catalyze the ozonation.

关 键 词：制药废水 催化氧化 协同作用 动力学模型 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]