镁对草鱼生长、形体、肝功能和糖代谢的影响  

Effects of dietary magnesium on the growth,body index,liver function and glucose metabolism of grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella

作　　者：汪福保[1,2] 罗莉[2] 文华[1] 高开进[2] 陈任孝[2] 郭玉阳[2] 朱根廷[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,中国水产科学研究院淡水生态与健康养殖重点开放实验室,武汉430223 [2]西南大学动物科技学院,淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2011年第2期57-62,68,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2006BAD03B03);中国水产科学研究院淡水生态与健康养殖重点实验室开放课题(2007FE0209)

摘　　要：在以酪蛋白和明胶为蛋白源的纯化日粮(镁含量76.9 mg/kg)中添加不同水平的镁(0、150、300、600、1200和2400 mg/kg),研究镁对体重为(10.68±0.14)g的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)生长、形体、肝功能和糖代谢的影响,时间为10周。结果显示:日粮中适当添加镁显著提高草鱼的特定生长率、蛋白质效率、蛋白质沉积率和体重/体长,降低饲料系数(P<0.05)。当饲料镁含量为692.0 mg/kg时,前4项指标均达到最大值,饲料系数达到最小值;日粮中适当添加镁(600 mg/kg)显著增强草鱼的肝功能(P<0.05),而高镁日粮(1200 mg/kg)会使草鱼肝脏功能轻度受损,并显著提高脾脏指数(P<0.05)。随日粮镁水平增加,肝脏谷草谷丙转氨酶(GOT和GPT)呈下降趋势,而GOT/GPT比值呈先升后降趋势,肝脏谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性趋势刚好相反,二者分别在692.0 mg/kg水平组达到最大值和最小值(P<0.05);日粮中适当添加镁显著提高了肝脏苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)活性,促进了肝糖原的沉积(P<0.05)。高镁日粮(添加量=1200 mg/kg)显著降低了草鱼血糖水平(P<0.05),其它组间血糖差异不显著(P>0.05)。A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary magnesium on the growth,body index,liver function and glucose metabolism of the grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella.Purified casein-gelatin-based diets（containing 76.9 mg mg/kg） supplemented with six levels of Mg（0,150,300,600,1200 and 2400 mg/kg,respectively） were fed to juvenile grass carps（initial weight：10.68±0.14 g）.The results showed that：the highest specific growth rate（SGR）,protein efficiency ratio（PER）,protein retention（PR）,weight/length（W/L） and lowest feed conversion rate（FCR） were observed for fish fed the diet containing 692.0 mg mg/kg（P〈0.05）.The optimal dietary level of magnesium significantly improved the liver function of the grass carp（P〈0.05）,but the liver function was mildly impaired,and the spleen index was significantly improved in fish fed the high-Mg diets（i.e.1200 and 2400 mg mg/kg supplemented）.With the increase of dietary magnesium,liver aspartate alanine transaminase（GOT and GPT） showed a downward trend,while the GOT/GPT ratio was first increased and then decreased.But the liver glutamate dehydrogenase（GDH） activity was in the opposite trend.The GOT/GPT ratio reached the maximum at 692.0 mg/kg magnesiun level（P〈0.05）,while GDH activity reached the minimum.The optimal dietary level of magnesium significantly improved liver malate dehydrogenase（MDH） activity and promoted hepatic glycogen deposition（P〈0.05）.High-Mg diets（=1200 mg/kg supplemented） significantly reduced blood glucose levels of the grass carp（P〈0.05）,and the other groups showed no significant difference（P〉0.05）.

关 键 词：镁 草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella) 生长 肝功能 血糖 

分 类 号：S963.734[农业科学—水产养殖]