层状类钙钛矿结构有机-无机杂合物(RNH_3)_2CuCl_4的制备及表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Layered Perovskite-type Organic Inorganic Hybrids(RNH_3)_2CuCl_4

作　　者：王亚珍[1] 余翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]江汉大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430056

出　　处：《分析测试学报》2011年第6期691-695,共5页Journal of Instrumental Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20977041)

摘　　要：以氯化铜(CuCl2)为研究对象,通过变换有机元制备了3种结构相似的层状类钙钛矿结构的有机-无机杂合物。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)和FT-IR分别对这3种杂合物的无机元、有机元和晶体结构以及各组分间的相互作用进行分析。实验结果表明,当有机元为链状烷基胺时,层状结构非常明显,而当有机元为带刚性苯环状的苯胺时,层状结构稍差。这种层状结构的形成与有机元的碳链长短及是否有苯环结构相关,由于有机胺与无机金属氯化铜八面体([CuCl6]4-)间主要以分子间力(主要是氢键)相结合,因此有机元的结构对层状有机无机杂合物的形成至关重要。根据布拉格方程和一种近似处理方法对3种晶体的相邻类钙钛矿层间距d(即晶胞参数c的1/2)进行计算,结果表明,对应的粉晶层间距值(d=c/2)分别为12.31、15.39、14.82。Three similar layered perovskite-type organic - inorganic hybrids were synthesized with selecting CuCl2 as the main inorganic component and by altering the organic component via liquid phase reaction. The inorganic component, organic component and crystalloid structure of three hybrids were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD） and FT -IR spectra. The experimental results indicated that the layered structures displayed more clearly when the organic components were alkyl amine rather than aniline. The formation of layered structure was probably related with the length of carbon chain and the structure of benzene ring. Since the interaction between the organic amine and inorganic octahedral truss （ [ CuCl6 ] ^4- ） was the van der Waals force （mainly expressed as the hydrogen bonding H-N…… Cl）, the structure of the organic components played an important role in the formation of layer-structured perovskite-type hybrids. According to Bragg＇s equation and an approximative method, the distance of the adjacent layered perovskites （d） of three compounds with cations of propylammonium, butylammonium and phenylammonium were calculated to be 12. 31, 15.39, 14. 82 A, respectively.

关 键 词：氯化铜 有机元 层状类钙钛矿 制备 表征 

分 类 号：O766.1[理学—晶体学] O656.22