男性医学生暴露于二手烟的现况及对策研究  

STATUS AND COUNTERMEASURE STUDY OF SECONDHAND SMOKE AMONG MALE MEDICAL STUDENTS

作　　者：喻凌云[1] 张莎[1] 张瑞[1] 曹欣[1] 刘巧兰[1] 杨洋[1] 赵莉[1] 马骁[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院,成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第13期2514-2516,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：CMB"中华医学控烟行动项目"资助

摘　　要：[目的]了解男性医学生暴露于二手烟的情况,以及他们对二手烟危害的认知、态度等,分析影响其暴露于二手烟的原因,提出有效地控制并减少医学生暴露于二手烟的对策建议。[方法]采用以班为单位的整群抽样,利用SAS软件编写随机抽样程序对符合条件的所有班级进行抽样;采取自填式匿名问卷调查为主的资料收集方法。[结果]30d内男性医学生在宿舍、教学楼、行政办公楼、学校餐厅及学校商店暴露于二手烟的比率分别为72.1%、76.9%、65.7%、58.5%和68.4%。过去7d里,每天在学校室外和室内的暴露于二手烟的男性医学生分别为38.7%和27.1%。87.5%的男性医学生知道吸烟可能会引起严重的疾病,约80%左右的男性医学生对控烟的态度是积极的。男性医学生现在吸烟率为18.2%。通过调查发现接受过吸烟或二手烟危害相关内容课程培训的男性医学生与未接受相关课程的男性医学生在对二手烟危害的知识度上的差异无统计学意义。环境观察结果显示校园内各室内场所烟头数量较多。[结论]应在医学院校和医务工作场所加强控烟规定的执行力度和监督,对在校医学生开展长期的系统的烟草危害及二手烟危害教育;促进男性医学生参加到控烟行动中,以帮助更多的人远离二手烟环境,降低健康风险。[Objective]This thesis is focused on studying the characteristics of smoking and secondhand smoke among male students in medical schools,as well as their knowledge and attitude towards secondhand smoke.The objective of the study is to accelerate the establishment of no-smoking hospitals and campuses,and to ameliorate the no-smoking campaign among medical professionals.[Methods]This study used the cluster sampling method with every class in the medical school being the sampling unit.Samples were selected using a random sampling program coded in SAS.Surveys were accomplished using anonymously self-reported questionnaires.[Results]Among male medical students,59.4% had attempted to smoke,and 18.2% were current smokers.The proportions of this cohort exposed to secondhand smoke in the past 30 days were,respectively,72.1%,76.9%,65.7%,58.5%,and 68.4%,at dormitory,academic buildings,office buildings,school cafeteria,and school shops.In the past 7 days,there were large proportions of male students who were exposed to out-door and indoor-environments at school,respectively 38.7% and 27.1%.87.5% of the male medical students knew that smoking could cause severe diseases.Approximately 80% of these students had a positive attitude towards tobacco control.It was found through investigations that in terms of the awareness rate on secondhand smoke knowledge,there was no statistically significant difference between male medical students who had received trainings on the harms of smoking and secondhand smoke and those who had not.It was shown through environment observing that the large number of snipes was found in the indoor-environment at school.[Conclusion]Should be in all medical schools and all medically related working districts to establish and strengthen tobacco control legislation and supervision policy.Long term,repeated and systematic knowledge of smoking and secondhand smoke training could be carried out for all medical students.Meanwhile,by utilizing the well tobacco control initiative to involve more male medical stud

关 键 词：男性 医学生 二手烟 对策研究 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]