三门湾海域冬夏季口足目和十足目虾类的种类组成、时空分布及多样性分析  

Species Composition,Temporal and Spatial Distributions and Diversity of Hoplocarida and Decapoda Shrimps in Summer and Winter in Sanmen Bay

作　　者：赵蒙蒙[1,2] 徐兆礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2011年第3期11-18,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.40776047)

摘　　要：根据2007年12月和2008年6月三门湾海域的2个航次的渔业资源调查资料,研究三门湾海域口足目与十足目中虾类在冬季和夏季的密度、优势种及多样性的时空分布,并结合该调查海区的地形地貌和水文等因素对虾类的分布进行分析。结果表明,三门湾海域虾类以广温、广盐种为主,其夏季种类数高于冬季,且夏季虾类质量和尾数密度均值亦高于冬季,夏季与冬季的虾类质量分别为93.32 kg/km2和31.97 kg/km2,而尾数密度分别为32.34×103 ind/km2和19.32×103 ind/km2。依据相对重要性指数IRI的计算,得出该海域冬季最主要的优势种为细巧仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis tenella),夏季为口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)。夏季虾类种间分配较为均匀,致使该海域冬季虾类质量及尾数多样性指数值H'均值(1.58,1.33)皆低于夏季质量和尾数H'均值(1.78,2.18)。在冬季,三门湾口外海域水温较高,导致较多数量虾类出现。在夏季,湾口水域有不同盐度水团混合交汇,也使此处虾类的种类和数量较多。依据本文调查资料,三门湾海域十足目虾类种类数占浙江近海游泳虾类的25.00%,其种类丰富度要小于浙江近海。Based on the data from two oceanographic survey in the Sanmen bay during Dec.2007 and Jun.2008,this paper discussed the population density of Hoplocarida and Decapoda shrimps in winter and summer,species dominancy and diversity,involved in some impact factors such as background of topography and geomorphy,as well as hydrological features.Results showed that eurythermal and eurysaline shrimp species prevailed in Sanmen Bay.Shrimp specie number in summer was higher than the one in winter,as well as the weight and number densities,which were 93.32 kg/km2and 31.97 kg/km2,32.34×103ind/km2and 19.32×103ind/km2 respectively.Parapenaeopsis tenella was the most important shrimp species in winter and Oratosquilla oratoria in summer according to index of relative significance（IRI）.The species component in summer was more homogeneous than it in winter,so the weight and diversity index H′in winter（1.58,1.33） were both lower than those in summer（1.78,2.18）.The water temperature outside the bay mouth is relatively higher in winter so more shrimp species are found here.While in summer,the bay mouth is the intersection by waters with different salinities,therefore shrimp species is rich.In addition,the Decapoda shrimp species in Sanmen Bay reach 25.00% to the total shrimp species in Zhejiang offshore,which means specie richness in bay is much lower comparing with that in Zhejiang offshore.

关 键 词：三门湾 虾类 种类组成 时空分布 多样性 

分 类 号：S932.5[农业科学—渔业资源]