林火干扰对栎类群落幼苗天然更新的影响  

Influence of Forest Fire Disturbance on Natural Regeneration of Seedling Bank of Quercus spp.Community

作　　者：朱学灵[1,2] 刘晓静 朱从波 陈涛[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南省宝天曼科研监测中心,河南内乡474350 [2]国家林业局宝天曼森林生态系统定位研究站,河南内乡474350 [3]河南科技大学林业职业学院,河南洛阳471002

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第3期56-62,111-112,共7页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2008BADB0B0301)

摘　　要：依据空间代替时间的方法,研究地表火干扰下不同恢复阶段栎类幼苗库的动态特征。结果表明:火后不同恢复阶段栎类群落内有木本幼苗25科37属49种,随着火烧迹地植被的恢复,乔木幼苗种类数量增多,灌木幼苗数量减少,但栎类幼苗始终占据优势;林下幼苗库的密度随恢复时间增加逐步变小,栎类幼苗密度则呈现出从高到低再升高然后变低的趋势,栎类幼苗密度在火后1年最高,平均达到(2.30±2.9)株/(10 m2);栎类幼苗密度变化出现2个过程,恢复1年与恢复5年、恢复10年与恢复15年幼苗密度之间有显著差异,但不同恢复阶段的栎类幼苗库与对照林相比没有显著差异;幼苗库不同恢复阶段的Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)之间有极显著差异。随演替时间的增加,乔木实生苗比例逐渐增加,乔木根蘖苗的比例不断减少。林火干扰对栎类Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ的幼苗高度分配和苗木转化率有显著影响,但火烧干扰对Ⅳ级以上幼苗的高度分布和转化率影响不显著。Using the approach of substituting space for time,this paper investigated the dynamic characteristics of the seedling bank of Quercus spp.community at different restoration stages under the disturbance of ground fire in Baotianman national nature reserve.The results showed that at different restoration stages after fire there were wood seedlings of 25 families 37 genera 49 species in Quercus spp.community.With the recovery of the vegetation in the burned area,the amount of the wood seedling species increased and the shrub seedling species decreased,but the Quercus spp.seedling always maintained prevalence.The density of the seedling bank under the forest became smaller as the restoration time rised,and the density of the Quercus spp.seedling showed a higher-lower-higher fluctuate.The density may reach the highest amount of(2.30±2.9)plant/(10 m2) one year after fire.The change of the density of the Quercus spp.seedling experienced two stages and there was a significant difference between the seedling one year after fire and 10 years after fire,between 10 years and 15 years,but there was no significant difference between the seedling bank of Quercus spp.community at different restoration stages and the control forest.The Shannon-Wiener index of the seedling bank showed a great difference at different restoration stages.As the succession time increased,the percentage of the wood seedlings increased gradually while the percentage of the root sprout seedling declined.The disturbance of forest fire had a significant influence on the distribution of the height of seedlings of Quercus spp.Ⅰ、Ⅱand Ⅲ and the transformation efficiency of the nursery stock,but no significant influence on the distribution of the height and the transformation efficiency of those above Quercus spp.Ⅳ.

关 键 词：栎类群落 幼苗库 更新演替 林火干扰 

分 类 号：S792.189[农业科学—林木遗传育种]