呼吸机相关肺炎的致病菌及抗生素选择  

Ventilator-associated pneumonia:the pathogens and antibiotics

作　　者：赵辉[1] 季辉[1] 田爱平[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省沧州市中西医结合医院呼吸科,061001

出　　处：《蚌埠医学院学报》2011年第5期475-477,共3页Journal of Bengbu Medical College

摘　　要：目的:研究呼吸机相关肺炎患者的感染菌群和对常用抗生素的耐药性。方法:对49例呼吸机相关肺炎患者所分离的感染菌株及对抗生素耐药性回顾性分析。结果:107株病原菌以革兰阴性菌63株(58.88%),革兰阳性菌33株(30.84%),真菌11株(10.28%)。革兰阴性菌以铜绿假单胞菌(18/63)为主,革兰阳性菌以金黄色葡萄球菌(19/33)为主,真菌以白假丝酵母菌(7/11)为主。革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南耐药率最低(12.70%),万古霉素对革兰阳性菌敏感率超过95.00%。结论:呼吸机相关肺炎以革兰阴性菌为主,真菌和革兰阳性菌有上升趋势,亚胺培南和万古霉素对呼吸机相关肺炎的感染菌株最敏感。Objective：To study the bacterial distribution and drug resistance in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.Methods：The infectious strains isolated from 49 patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and their drug resistance to antibiltics were analyzed retrospectively.Results：Among the 107 pathogenic bacteria strains,Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 58.88%,Gram-positive bacteria 30.84% and fungi 10.28%.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,staphylococcus aureus and candida albicans ranked the first in gram-negative bacteria（18/63）,gram-positive bacteria（19/33） and Fungi（7/11）,respectively.Gram-negative bacteria had the lowest resistance to Emipenem（12.70%）;and the sensitive rate of vancomycin to Gram-positive bacteria exceeded 95.00%.Conclusions：Gram-negative bacteria,gram-positive bacteria and Fungi are often observed in ventilator-associated pneumonia.Emipenem and vancomycin are most sensitive to the infectious bacteria of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

关 键 词：呼吸机相关肺炎 病原菌 耐药性 亚胺培南 万古霉素 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]