深翻耕和连作对植烟土壤养分及其生物活性的影响  

Effect of Deep Plowing and Continuous Cropping on Nutrient Level and Biological Activity in Soil for Tobacco Plantation

作　　者：刘红杰[1] 习向银[2] 刘朝科[1,3] 张涛 古力[1] 赵志鹏[1] 张重义[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学,河南郑州450002 [2]西南大学,重庆400715 [3]川渝中烟工业公司,四川成都610000

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2011年第2期298-303,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：川渝中烟工业公司科技项目(2009YYJD)

摘　　要：采用池栽试验对不同处理土壤的养分及其生物活性的动态变化进行研究。结果表明:(1)烟草长期连作使土壤养分不均衡,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和磷酸酶活性下降,微生物量氮含量、细菌和真菌数量减少,而土壤微生物量碳含量逐渐变大。(2)深翻耕促进了土壤氮素转化,减缓了土壤酸化,提高了土壤有机质含量,这有利于烟草生长;深翻耕明显提高了土壤磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性,但对过氧化氢酶活性影响较小,而对脲酶活性有负影响;深翻耕增加了土壤微生物数量和微生物量碳氮含量,这有利于促进土壤养分转化和土壤酶活性提高。Isolated pools were used to study the dynamic changes of nutrients and biological activity in soil.The results showed that（1） long-term cropping could result in soil nutrient imbalance,reduced urease,phosphatase and sucrase activities,lowered microbial biomass nitrogen,lessened number of bacteria and fungi,and increased microbial biomass carbon;and（2） deep plowing could promote nitrogen transformation,relieve acidification,and increase organic matters in the soil,conducive to tobacco growth.Furthermore,deep plowing could significantly increase soil phosphatase and sucrase activities.It had little effect on hydrogen peroxidase activity,and a negative effect on urease.Deep plowing could increase quantity of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in soil,which could promote the soil nutrient transformation and enzyme activities.Thus,it appeared that deep plowing could off set the harms of long-term continuous cropping on a tobacco plantation providing a significant direction for an improvement on the agricultural practice.

关 键 词：烟草 深翻耕 连作 土壤养分 土壤生物活性 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S154.3[农业科学—作物学]