基于决策权分配的供应链批量模型比较研究  

Comparative Study of Supply Chain Lot-sizing Models Based on Decision Rights Assignment

作　　者：李富昌[1,2] 王勇[1] 张宗益[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学经济与工商管理学院,重庆400030 [2]云南师范大学经济与管理学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2011年第2期206-211,250,共7页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70872123);笹川良一优秀青年教育基金奖学金资助项目Sylff(内部编号:BL0202)

摘　　要：供应链决策权分配对系统最优决策和系统绩效有决定性的影响。本文基于决策权的不同分配建立了零售商主导的分散决策模型和供应链集中决策模型,并考虑了运输整合。研究表明,零售商主导的分散决策模型的配送频率最小,配送批量最大;零售商主导的分散决策模型的库存成本大于供应链集中决策模型的库存成本;零售商主导的分散决策模型的运输成本小于供应链集中决策模型的运输成本;供应链集中决策模型的总成本小于零售商主导的分散决策模型总成本。Current literature primarily emphasizes coordination issues,but underestimates the importance of integration between retailers.This paper develops a retailer-led decentralized optimization model and a centralized decision-making model for supply chain operations by taking into consideration of sales price discount and transport capacity flexibility.We study delivery frequency and lot size,and analyze how a firm＇s decision rights can affect the performance of individual firms and the entire supply chain.Large retailers have the economies of-scale advantage when negotiating directly with suppliers.Hence,these retailers can not only have great price discount,but also largely reduced transportation cost.We defined the relationships between mega retailers and their suppliers as the ＂retailer-led decentralized optimization model＂ because mega retailers can influence the decision of suppliers.A retailer-led decentralized optimization model can inevitably create deviations between optimization of individual retailers and the entire supply chain.In order to solve ＂anti-back-effective＂ phenomenon between retailer and supplier,we developed a centralized decision-making model for the entire supply chain and studied transportation integration problems of homogeneous retailers.In the first part of this paper,we described model assumptions and analyzed the cost structures of retailer and supplier.In the second part,we used the cost-benefit function to develop a retailer-led model of decentralized optimization（Model 1）,a centralized decision-making model for the entire supply chain（Model 2） and a centralized decision-making model integrating homogeneous retailers（Model 3）.The retailer-led decentralized optimization model assumes that retailers occupy the dominant position and are responsible for handling logistics and distribution.However,the model can create supply chain inefficiency.The centralized decision-making model is to overcome the weakness of the decentralized model by having headquarters take res

关 键 词：分散决策模型 供应链集中决策模型 配送频率 配送批量 库存与运输 

分 类 号：F406[经济管理—产业经济]