蚯蚓对松嫩草原主要凋落物分解作用实验研究  

The function of earthworms in the Songnen grassland litters decomposition

作　　者：蒋云峰[1] 殷秀琴[1,2] 宋博[1] 辛未冬[1] 李金霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院,吉林长春130024 [2]吉林省动物资源保护与利用重点实验室,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《东北师大学报（自然科学版）》2011年第2期134-139,共6页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40871120);东北师范大学测试基金资助项目

摘　　要：采用室内模拟的方法,研究了蚯蚓对松嫩草原冰草(Agropyron cristatum)、朝鲜碱茅(Puccinellia chinampoensis)、羊草(Leymus chinensis)和贝加尔针茅(Stipa baicalensis)凋落物叶和茎的分解作用及蚯蚓在各种凋落物分解过程中的生长和代谢情况.结果表明,蚯蚓促进了草原凋落物的分解.蚯蚓对各种凋落物叶分解量存在着显著差异,依此为冰草叶、朝鲜碱茅叶、羊草叶、贝加尔针茅叶.蚯蚓对冰草茎、羊草茎和朝鲜碱茅茎分解量差异不显著.对于同种植物,蚯蚓对叶的分解量高于对茎的分解量.其中冰草叶的分解量明显高于冰草茎的分解量,而蚯蚓对羊草叶和羊草茎、碱茅叶和碱茅茎的分解量不存在显著差异.分解过程中,蚯蚓在凋落物叶中的繁殖和代谢量为冰草叶>针茅叶>羊草叶>朝鲜碱茅叶;在凋落物茎中的为冰草茎>朝鲜碱茅茎>羊草茎.Litter decomposition is an important part of ecosystem progress.The paper examined the function of earthworms in the decomposition of four species litter from Songnen grassland：Stipa baicalensis,Agropyron cristatum,Leymus chinensis and Puccinellia chinampoensis.The results showed that the earthworms action on grassland litters had played a positive role in litters decomposition.In a variety of litter,the average amount of decomposition with earthworms was higher than that of without earthworms.The order of the mean of decomposition with earthworm in different litter leaves was Agropyron cristatum〉Puccinellia chinampoensis〉Leymus chinensis 〉Stipa baicalensis.There was no significant difference in a variety of litter stems decomposition with the earthworms action.In the same species litter,earthworms action on leaves of Agropyron cristatum decomposition was higher than stem but decomposition of the Leymus chinensis and Puccinellia chinampoensis leaves and stem were no significant difference.The earthworms growth,reproduction and metabolism in all species of litters were also significant differences in the process of decomposition.In all species litter leaves,the reproduction and daily excreta of the earthworms were Agropyron cristatum〉Stipa baicalensis〉Puccinellia chinampoensis〉Leymus chinensis and those of the earthworm in all species litter stems was Agropyron cristatum〉Puccinellia chinampoensis〉Leymus chinensis.

关 键 词：蚯蚓 分解 凋落物 松嫩草原 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学] S154[农业科学—土壤学]