权力制约视角下的苏联一般监督制度  

Soviet General Supervision System in the Perspective of Authority Restriction

作　　者：王晓[1] 任文松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学研究所,北京100720

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2011年第3期118-123,共6页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：一般监督制度源起于苏联,是苏联检察制度的核心组成部分,并被视为社会主义国家检察制度的标志。苏联没有采用西方"三权分立"的宪政体制,但同样需要解决国家权力的制衡问题,为了有效制约行政权,检察机关的一般监督制度应运而生;"议行合一"体制下,苏维埃将监督法律实施的权力授权给检察机关专门行使,对行政机关的监督则主要由一般监督制度承担;苏联高度重视法制在国家治理中的作用,苏联法制的实现不仅需要有完善的立法,而且还需要法制得到统一和正确实施,一般监督制度的主要作用就在于保障苏联行政法制得到实现。在当前探索检察权对行政权进行监督制约的背景下,有必要系统研究苏联的一般法律监督制度。The general supervision system originates itself from the then soviet Union,and is the core constituent of the Soviet＇s procuratorial system.And it is therefore considered as the symbol of the procuratorial organ of the socialist countries.The Soviet Union did not adopt the system of ＂separation of powers＂ of the Western constitutional institution;however,it is necessary for it to solve the problem of balance of power.As a result,the general supervision system of the procuratorial organ came naturally into being in order to restrict the executive power effectively.It authorized the procuratorial organ to exercise special law supervision power,and supervises administrative organs by the general supervision system under the combination of legislative and executive authority.The Soviet laid great stress on the legal system;it not only needed the consummation legislation,but also needed to obtain unified and correct implementation.And the general supervision system could obtain the administrative legal system.It is necessary for it to systematically study the Soviet general supervision system.

关 键 词：检察机关 一般监督 司法监督 法制 

分 类 号：DF2[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]