饮用水氯胺辅助消毒的效果及有机卤化物含量变化  

Effect of Chloramine Auxiliary Disinfection and Organic Halide Content Change in Drinking Water

作　　者：李为兵[1,2] 陈雪芳 袁哲[2] 陈卫[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆山市自来水集团有限公司,江苏昆山215300 [2]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2011年第13期5-7,11,共4页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：与氯消毒相比,氯胺消毒能有效降低消毒副产物的生成量。昆山市在水厂清水池加氯消毒后,将氯胺用作维持管网水质的辅助消毒剂,使管网水质监测点的消毒剂余量和细菌总数合格率从92.8%上升到99.5%,管网消毒效果得到明显改善。在有机物含量较高的情况下,与氯消毒相比,采用氯胺辅助消毒可降低饮用水中可吸附有机卤素(AOX)含量达48%,因而在保证清水池和出厂水消毒效果的前提下,应尽量降低清水池的投氯量,以使氯消毒副产物含量控制在较低水平。通过对三卤甲烷、氯苯和卤乙酸等氯化消毒副产物含量的测定分析,证实氯胺消毒可大幅降低饮用水中的有机卤化物含量,这与对可吸附有机卤素的测定结果是一致的。Compared with chlorine disinfection, ehloramine disinfection can effectively reduce the formation of disinfection byproducts. After chlorination in clear water tank, chloramine is used as auxilia- ry disinfectant to maintain the water quality in water distribution network in Kunshan City. The qualified rate of water quality at monitoring points rises from 92.8% to 99.5% , and the disinfection effect in water distribution network is distinctly improved. When the organic content is high, using chloramine auxiliazy disinfection can reduce adsorbable organic halogens in drinking water by 48% comparing with the chlo- rine disinfection. Under the premise of ensuring the disinfection effect of treated water and water in clear water tank, the chlorine dosage in clear water tank should be reduced as far as possible to control the chlorine disinfection byproduct at a low level. Through the analysis of content of disinfection byproducts, such as trihalomethanes, chlorobenzene and haloacetic acids, it is confirmed that the chloramine disinfection may largely reduce the organic halide content in drinking water, which is consistent with the determination result of adsorbable organic halogen compounds.

关 键 词：氯胺辅助消毒 消毒副产物 有机卤化物 可吸附有机卤素 微库仑法 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]