喷嘴对锥形涡流管热分离影响研究  

Effect of nozzles on thermal separation in vortex tube with divergent hot tube

作　　者：昌锟[1,2] 李青[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所低温工程学重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第6期111-115,共5页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10804114);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(YYYJ-1004)

摘　　要：通过涡流管内部气体的流动分析,得到了喷嘴结构对涡流管热分离性能的影响关系,基于锥形涡流管进行了对比实验,实验验证了分析结果的正确性.实验结果表明:影响涡流管热分离性能的基本参数是喷嘴流道的总截面积,而非单个流道的截面积或流道个数.保持单个流道的截面积一定,当冷气流率较小时,流道个数越多对应制冷效应越大,而冷气流率较大时,结果相反.当冷气流率较小时,增加喷嘴流道的总截面积可获得更高的制冷效应,但制冷效率变化不大.分析表明:在本实验条件下当喷嘴流道总截面积与锥形涡流管截面积之比为0.153时,可同时获得较高的制冷效应和制冷效率.Effect of nozzle on thermal separation behavior in vortex tube with a divergent hot tube was analyzed and tested experimentally. The results show that the total cross-sectional area, rather than the cross-sectional area or the number, of nozzle intakes is the key effective parameter. When the cross-sectional structure of a nozzle intake was determined, the cooling effect of vortex tube with a divergent hot tube increases at low cold flow fraction but decreases at high cold flow fraction with the increasing number of nozzle intakes. At low cold flow fraction, increasing the total cross-sectional area of nozzle intakes contributes to obtaining higher cooling effect, but the coefficient of performance （COP） of vortex tube in our experiment changes slightly. The experiment results suggest that the higher cooling effect and COP can be obtained simultaneously when the ratio of the total cross-section- al area of nozzle intakes to that of the vortex tube is 0. 153.

关 键 词：涡流管 制冷效应 喷嘴 锥形管 制冷效率 

分 类 号：TB619[一般工业技术—制冷工程]