南汇东滩围垦湿地大型底栖动物的种类组成、数量分布和季节变动  

Species Composition,Quantity Distribution and Seasonal Variation of Macrobenthos in East Nanhui Tidal Flat

作　　者：马长安[1] 徐霖林[1] 田伟[1] 吕巍巍[1] 赵云龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2011年第3期274-281,共8页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2010BAK69B14);上海市科委重大项目(08DZ1203102;09DZ120010A;10DZ1200700)

摘　　要：于2009年10月至2010年7月对南汇东滩围垦湿地大型底栖动物的种类组成、密度和生物量以及生物多样性进行了研究.结果显示,被围垦潮滩共鉴定大型底栖动物9种,自然潮滩有29种;围垦潮滩的年平均密度和生物量分别为130.80 ind/m2和1.89 g/m2,自然潮滩为49.21 ind/m2和4.08 g/m2;围垦潮滩的优势种主要由摇蚊幼虫和中华蜾蠃蜚组成,自然潮滩的优势种主要由中国绿螂、微小螺、堇拟沼螺、光滑狭口螺、河蚬、泥螺、彩虹明樱蛤、中华拟蟹守螺、丝异蚓虫和独眼钩虾组成;围垦潮滩底栖动物的Shannon-Weiner指数(H′)、Pielou指数(J)及Margalef指数(d)均值分别为0.793、0.379和0.348,自然潮滩分别为2.188、0.495和1.787;围垦对底栖动物群落结构有直接的影响.A study on species composition,density,biomass and biodiversity of macrobenthos in east Nanhui tidal flat was carried out from Oct.2009 to Jul.2010.The result showed that 9 species were found in diked tidal flats and 29 species in natural tidal flats.The annual average density and biomass were 130.80ind/m2 and 1.89g/m2 in diked tidal flats and 49.21ind/m2 and 4.08g/m2 in natural tidal flats.The dominant species were Chironomid larvae and Corophium sinensis in diked tidal flats and Glaucomya chinensis,Elachisina sp.,Assiminea violacea,Stenothyra glabra,Corbicula fluminea,Bullacta exarata,Moerella iridescens,Cerithidea sinensis,Heteromastus filiformis and Monoculodes limnophilus in natural tidal flats.Shannon-Weiner index H′,Pielou index J and Margalef index d were 0.793,0.379,0.348 in diked tidal flats and 2.188,0.495,1.787 in natural tidal flats.Reclamation directly influenced the species composition of macrobenthos.

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 群落组成 生物多样性 围垦 南汇东滩 

分 类 号：Q36[生物学—遗传学]