培肥对烟田土壤养分含量及烤烟生长发育的影响  

Effect of fertilization on soil nutrients and the growth of flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：赵晓会[1,2] 刘海轮[2,3] 孙颖[2] 和文祥[2] 邓小成 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西陇县721200 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]陕西省烟草公司,陕西西安710061 [4]陕西省陇县烟草公司,陕西陇县721200

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第6期115-121,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省烟草专卖局科技重大专项"陕西省基本烟田综合治理工程";西北农林科技大学"青年学术骨干人才支持计划"项目

摘　　要：【目的】探讨培肥对烟田土壤养分及烤烟生长发育的影响,筛选最佳的培肥模式,为解决烟田连作障碍及指导陕西烟草的生产提供依据。【方法】以"秦烟96"为供试材料,在陕西陇县设置田间试验,以不施肥为对照(CK),测定了不同培肥措施(化肥、烟草专用肥、有机肥、有机肥配施烟草专用肥、有机肥配施微生物肥料)下烟田土壤养分含量、烟株农艺性状、烟草品质及烤烟产量、产值,并对其相关性进行分析。【结果】与CK相比,各培肥处理均可显著提高烟田土壤养分含量,增加烟株的株高、叶片数、最大叶长和最大叶宽等,显著提升烟叶的品质,提高烟草的经济效益(烟草的产量、产值、均价和上中等烟的比例),其中以有机肥配施烟草专用肥的效果最好。相关分析表明,培肥后土壤的有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量与烟草的经济指标、农艺性状和烟叶品质的部分指标间呈显著或极显著正相关。【结论】有机肥配施烟草专用肥是研究区烟田较优的培肥模式。【Objective】 The impacts of fertilization on soil nutrients and the growth of flue-cured tobacco were studied to select the optimum fertilization model and to overcome the continuous cropping obstacles,which can provide evidence for flue-cured tobacco production in Shaanxi province.【Method】 We conducted the experiment to study the content of soil nutrients as well as the growth,quality and yield of flue-cured tobacco under different fertilizing methods（chemical fertilizer,tobacco-specific fertilizer,organic manure,organic manure combined with tobacco-specific fertilizer,organic manure combined with microbial manure） in Longxian Shaanxi province,and no fertilizer as control treatment.The flue-cured tobacco for this trial was ＂Qinyan 96＂.【Result】 Compared with the control,fertilization could improve the content of soil nutrients.The agronomical character of tobacco,the quality and the economic effectiveness（such as the yield,output value,average price and ratio of tobacco with first and second degree）,and the organic manure combined with tobacco-specific fertilizer were all enhanced.Correlation analysis showed that organic matter content and available N,P,K content were significantly or remarkably significantly positive relevant to soil nutrient,economic indicators,tobacco agronomical characteristics and qualities.【Conclusion 】 Organic manure combined with tobacco-specific fertilizer is an optimal fertilization model in Shaanxi province.

关 键 词：培肥 烤烟 土壤养分 农艺性状 经济性状 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]