生物膜脱除方式对受污染源水生物接触氧化修复系统除磷性能的影响  

Effect of the biofilm detachment pattern on biological phosphorus removal in the biological contact oxidation remediation system purifying contaminated source water

作　　者：徐向阳[1,2,3] 徐京[1,4] 朱亮[1] 丁炜[1] 冯丽娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境工程系,杭州310058 [2]浙江大学-西澳大学水环境综合管理与保护联合研究中心,杭州310058 [3]农业部面源污染控制重点开放实验室,杭州310058 [4]嘉兴市环境保护局,嘉兴314001

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2011年第7期1198-1205,共8页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAJ08B01);浙江省科技厅重大专项(2008C13007);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07316-002);浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y200909172)资助

摘　　要：针对生物接触氧化修复工艺存在的生物膜内磷累积导致系统除磷性能恶化的问题,以受污染源水为对象,开展表层生物膜脱除(SBD)和全层生物膜脱除(FBD)两种排泥方式对系统除磷长效性和运行稳定性的影响研究.结果表明,生物接触氧化修复系统启动1周后除磷效率达46.9%,随后系统除磷性能迅速恶化.采用FBD方式后系统除磷效果得以恢复,溶解性磷酸盐(DP)去除率维持在30%以上近1个月,生物膜饱和吸磷量达(318.5±21.5)mgTPm-2填料表面积.相比而言,采用SBD方式处理后系统除磷性能未能得到有效改善,30%以上DP去除率仅维持1周左右,生物膜饱和吸磷量仅为FBD的0.68倍.推测不同脱除方式对生物膜二次成膜过程微生物菌群结构重建和污染物去除性能影响显著,FBD处理后系统二次成膜过程溶解氧扩散不受限制,聚磷菌相对反硝化菌更易定殖、富集.镜检结果表明,FBD处理后填料表面仍附着少量微生物及其分泌物(如胞外多聚物等),与新填料表面光滑特性相比,其较高的孔隙率和较强的生物亲和性有利于微生物快速附着成膜,保证排泥强化除磷后系统氨氮、高锰酸盐指数、总氮去除性能稳定.Focusing on the deterioration of phosphorus removal caused by biofilm phosphorus accumulation in biological contact oxidation process,the effect of two biofilm detachment patterns on pollutant removal in the system purifying contaminated source water was investigated in this study.The phosphorus removal efficiency reached 46.9% on the 7th day,then declined quickly.After full biofilm detachment （FBD） pattern was applied,the phosphorus removal was effectively improved and higher dissolved phosphate （DP） removal efficiency （30%） was maintained over 30 days,and the saturated adsorption capacity of phosphate in the biofilm reached （318.5±21.5） mgTP m-2.While the phosphorus removal performance was not improved obviously in the system applying surface biofilm detachment （SBD） pattern,and the saturated adsorption capacity of phosphate was only 0.68 times of that applying FBD.It＇s speculated that the microbial community of biofilm in the re-growing period and pollutant removal performance of the system were significantly affected by different patterns.Results demonstrated that the heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria tended to be suppressed by dissolved oxygen during the beginning of biofilm re-growth after FBD pattern was applied,which benefited the colonization and enrichment of phosphate accumulating organisms.Compared to new filler,higher surface porosity and biocompatibility caused by residual microorganism and its extracellular polymeric substances with FBD pattern favored biofilm re-growth,and the removal efficiencies of ammonium,permanganate index,total nitrogen could recovered quickly.

关 键 词：受污染源水 生物膜 脱除方式 除磷 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]