郑州市≥65岁老年人健康预期寿命及影响因素  

Healthy life expectancy and its influencing factors among the elderly in Zhengzhou city

作　　者：孙喜望[1] 赵超 李琳琳[1] 宋敏敏[1] 冯丽云[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州市统计局人口就业处

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2011年第7期825-827,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目(2010ZX-216)

摘　　要：目的了解河南省郑州市≥65岁老年人健康预期寿命及其影响因素,为老年人口卫生服务提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计调查表和日常生活能力(activity of daily life,ADL)量表对在河南省郑州市7个社区和11所养老院整群抽取的2 622名≥65岁老年人进行问卷调查。结果郑州市2009年65岁～、70岁～、75岁～、80岁～、85岁～和≥90岁老年人预期寿命分别为19.38,15.81,12.47,9.50,7.38和6.40岁,男性各年龄组的预期寿命均低于女性;健康预期寿命分别为11.31,7.71,4.71,2.51,1.31和0.73岁,男性65岁～、85岁～和≥90岁年龄组健康预期寿命均低于女性,70岁～、75岁～和80岁～年龄组健康预期寿命均高于女性;健康预期寿命与预期寿命比值分别为0.584,0.488,0.378,0.264,0.178和0.114,健康预期寿命与预期寿命比值除≥90岁年龄组为女性高于男性外,其他各年龄组均为男性高于女性;多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果表明,年龄、听视力障碍、心脑血管疾病、糖尿病和老年痴呆症是郑州市≥65岁老年人健康预期寿命的危险因素;受教育程度、参加体育运动和有配偶是郑州市≥65岁老年人健康预期寿命的保护因素。结论郑州市≥65岁老年人生活质量男性高于女性,预期寿命男性低于女性;年龄、受教育程度、体育运动情况、配偶状况和慢性病影响老年人的健康预期寿命。Objective To know the state and the influencing factors of healthy life expectancy among the residents aged 65 years or above in Zhengzhou city and to provide scientific basis for health services in the elderly.Methods With cluster sampling,activity of daily life（ADL） scale and a self-designed questionnaire were used to investigate the elderly aged 65 years or above from seven communities and eleven rest homes（2 622 people）.Results The healthy life expectancy of the people aged 65 to 69 years was 11.31 years（11.10 years for male,11.46 years for female）.The ratio between healthy life expectancy and life expectancy of men aged 65 years or above was higher than that of women（t=6.47,P0.01）.Age,hearing impairment or visual disturbance,cardio-cerebrovascular disease,diabetes,and senile dementia were the risk factors of healthy life expectancy.Whereas,good education,physical exercise,and having spouse were the protective factors of healthy life expectancy.Conclusion Life quality of men aged 65 years or above is higher than that of women,but life expectancy of men is less than that of women in Zhengzhou city.Age,education,physical exercise,spouse,and chronic diseases can influence healthy life expectancy of the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人 健康预期寿命 日常生活能力 Sullivan法 

分 类 号：R195.3[医药卫生—卫生统计学]