地理信息系统应用于血吸虫病的监测　Ⅲ.长江洲滩钉螺孳生地的监测  

APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS ON SCHISTOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE Ⅲ. SNAIL HABITATS IN MARSHLAND

作　　者：周晓农[1] 孙乐平[1] 洪青标[1] 孙宁生 胡晓抒 M.Fuentes J.B.Malone 

机构地区：[1]江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所,无锡214064 [2]江苏省卫生厅 [3]SchoolofVeterinaryMedicine

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》1999年第4期199-201,F003,共3页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：联合国开发署/世界银行/世界卫生组织热带病研究和培训特别规划署基金;江苏省自然科学基金

摘　　要：目的利用卫星遥感技术对长江南京段洲滩钉螺孳生地进行监测研究。方法收集复盖长江南京段区域的LandsatMSS遥感片和1980～1989年江苏省钉螺面积数，比较分析钉螺面积的变化趋势。以ERDASImaging支撑软件分析遥感片，将LandsatMSS4个波段的数据以“TasseledCap”主成份分析模型分类组合成3个波段和15类后，提取出湿地地物特征。结果收集到1983年和1994年3个时段共三辐LandsatMSS遥感图。3个时段的湿地空间分布模型反映了特大洪水位与丰水位间、丰水位与枯水位间的湿地变化，从而得出钉螺孳生地分布与钉螺扩散的二个空间模型。并且在遥感图像中可直接正确地测算出钉螺孳生地分布面积数和钉螺扩散潜在面积数。长江南岸和北岸因决堤洪水淹没的二大区域在1983年的遥感片上清晰地显示出来。江苏省1980～1989年江滩钉螺面积与全省有螺面积变化呈一致的指数曲线上升趋势，但以1983年特大洪水后有螺面积上升非常明显。结论这一技术为研究钉螺孳生地和钉螺扩散范围、预测下一年度钉螺面积提供新方法。Objective To understand the snail habitats distribution in marshland by remote sensing techniques. Methods Landsat MSS data and epidemiological data of snail infested areas in marshland in Jiangsu during 1980～1989 were collected. The image analysis was done in the ERDAS Imaging software to prosess Tasseled Cap classification with principal component model. Three channels with 15 classes were classified among 4 channels of Landsat MSS images. Based on the classified images, the wetland were extracted and compared among three different seasons, such as highest water level in big flood season (Aug. 1983),lowest water level in dry season (March 1984)and high water level in flood season (Aug. 1984). Results It was showed two spatial models to show wetland changes between highest-high and high-lowest water level,which can be explained as two spatial models for snail habitats and snail dispersal areas. The snail habitats and snail dispersal areas can be measured in the image map. The flooding zones because of the breaken leaves showed clearly in the lmage of flood year. An increase tendecy of snail infested areas in marshland appered during 1980～1989 in an index curve (Y=102. 77＋0. 11X) with an average increase rate of 30. 49%,ex-pecially significant increase of snail habitats happened after the flood year (1983). Conclusion The remote sensing technique provides the new way to study on snail habitats,snail dispersal areas and predict the snail infested areas after flood year.

关 键 词：钉螺 地理信息系统 遥感 血吸虫病 监测 

分 类 号：R532.210.1[医药卫生—内科学] P9[医药卫生—临床医学]